PxP septembre 2023 : Pour les patients, par les patients Des partenariats pour renforcer la recherche Vous êtes invités à participer à la toute première conférence PxP (Pour les patients, par les patients) ! Cet événement virtuel GRATUIT a pour but de vous apporter toutes sortes de connaissances, de compétences et de ressources [...]
Résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC - 13 nouveaux projets financés ! Le PRDTC est fier de partager les résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC et d'accueillir 13 nouveaux projets dans notre structure de recherche nationale. Depuis 2013, le Programme de [...]
10e Congrès scientifique annuel du PRDTC - Pleins feux sur la coprésidente : Dre Siba Haykal À l'approche du 10e Congrès scientifique annuel du PRDTC, nous sommes ravis de vous présenter l'une de nos coprésidentes, la Dre Siba Haykal. La Dre Haykal est professeure adjointe à l'Université de Toronto et chirurgienne plastique et [...]
Résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC Le PRDTC est ravi d'annoncer les résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche, rendu possible grâce à des partenariats avec diverses organisations. Nous sommes fiers de présenter tous les projets innovants qui ont été financés dans le cadre [...]
Résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC Le PRDTC est ravi d'annoncer les résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche, rendu possible grâce à des partenariats avec diverses organisations. Nous sommes fiers de présenter tous les projets innovants qui ont été financés dans le cadre [...]
Résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC Le PRDTC est ravi d'annoncer les résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche, rendu possible grâce à des partenariats avec diverses organisations. Nous sommes fiers de présenter tous les projets innovants qui ont été financés dans le cadre [...]
Résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC Le PRDTC est ravi d'annoncer les résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche, rendu possible grâce à des partenariats avec diverses organisations. Nous sommes fiers de présenter tous les projets innovants qui ont été financés dans le cadre [...]
Résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC Le PRDTC est ravi d'annoncer les résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche, rendu possible grâce à des partenariats avec diverses organisations. Nous sommes fiers de présenter tous les projets innovants qui ont été financés dans le cadre [...]
Résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche du PRDTC Le PRDTC est ravi d'annoncer les résultats du Concours 2023 de subventions pour l’innovation en recherche, rendu possible grâce à des partenariats avec diverses organisations. Nous sommes fiers de présenter tous les projets innovants qui ont été financés dans le cadre [...]
Profil de nouveau membre : Alexandra Frankel - Doctorante en anthropologie à l'Université York Nous sommes heureux d’accueillir au sein du Programme de recherche en don et transplantation du Canada (PRDTC) de nouveaux membres de divers domaines qui se joindront à notre communauté de chercheurs, de cliniciens, de patients, de familles, de donneurs [...]
This research is driven by patient- and family-identified needs to support the quality of life and wellbeing of mothers of pediatric heart transplant recipients. It leverages Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), delivered at an ecological retreat, as an innovative intervention to meaningfully address the complexities of caregiving and caregiver burden. A mixed-methods design will be employed to examine potential changes in maternal coping styles, distress tolerance, quality of life and perceived social support following the intervention – a MBSR retreat. The retreat will be comprised of mindfulness exercises such as circle sharing, deep relaxation, yoga and walking meditation. Guided by the experiential expertise of our patient partner, Joanna Mitchell, this research places a strong emphasis on patient- and family-centred care, targeting the intersection of maternal wellbeing and child health outcomes within pediatric transplantation.
Joanna Mitchell is the mother to 16-year-old Ryley who received a heart transplant at 7 months of age. Soon after Ryley’s transplant, the Mitchell Family became involved as volunteers with the Trillium Gift of Life Network to encourage others to consider organ donation by sharing Ryley’s story. Joanna and Ryley were presented with the TGLN Board of Directors Champion Award in 2017 for their contribution to raising awareness for organ donation.
When Ryley was 5, she participated in her first Canadian Transplant Games and the family became involved with the Canadian Transplant Association. With the CTA, Joanna has helped to organize various events to promote both organ donation and healthy active living after transplantation. Joanna has also worked as a parent liaison to bring a pediatric and family perspective to the transplant games. She encourages connections of transplant families by facilitating various social media groups and informal mentorship.
Joanna became a patient caregiver partner with Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program more recently with a focus on projects related to pediatrics and the mental health of not only the transplant patient but the family as a whole.
Dr. Samantha J. Anthony is a Health Clinician Scientist in the Child Health Evaluative Sciences Program of the Research Institute at the Hospital for Sick Children. She has nearly 20 years of experience in the SickKids Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre as a Social Worker and is an Assistant Professor in the Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work at the University of Toronto. Dr. Anthony is also an Investigator with the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program.
Dr. Anthony has been recognized for her dedication to clinical practice and the application of research for improved patient outcomes. Her program of research centres on establishing an evidence-based foundation for successful psychosocial adaptation and enhanced quality of life for individuals with chronic disease, with a specific focus on pediatric solid-organ transplantation. Dr. Anthony has received national academic scholarships and has obtained competitive grants and research awards, including funding from Health Canada, CIHR, Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program, Enduring Hearts, Kidney Foundation of Canada and The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.
Psychosocial assessments are a required component of a comprehensive transplant work-up. One aspect of this assessment is determining the breadth and depth of a patient’s support system. The transplant team, often the social worker, will provide direction to the support person about expectations of the healthcare team pre, peri and post transplant. While recommendations about resources for support people are often made, there is a paucity of support for caregivers, as the focus is primarily on the patient. There is a need for more funding and resources for caregivers of transplant patients, as they are a vital component to transplant success.
Dee Miner has both a Bachelor’s
and a Master’s degree in clinical social work from the University of Calgary. She has been practicing medical social work with Alberta Health Services for 18 years. Her last 14 years have been as the Liver and Lungtransplant social worker for the Southern Alberta Transplant Program at Foothills Hospital in Calgary. In addition to supporting patients both pre and post transplant, she is responsible for completing the psychosocial assessments prior to transplant listing. To date her research has been focused on teaching coping skills to pre-transplant patients.
Janet Fast is a family and consumer economist and Professor in the Department of Human Ecology at the University of Alberta and is Co-Director of the Research on Aging, Policies and Practice program. Dr. Fast works to create and transfer knowledge, to engage with public, government and other user groups, and to work at the interfaces among them. Her research focuses the economics of aging, the paid and unpaid care of family members and the capacity of assistive technologies to address the consequences family care. Her research addresses family, labour, health and continuing care policy issues, and she is often called upon to consult with or advise government policy-makers and NGOs on policy related to caregiving and workplace supports.
Sandy Sereda, is an experienced not-for-profit leader who currently serves as Executive Director of Caregivers Alberta where she champions the province’sone million caregivers. Sandy has had a rich and varied career in the not-for-profit sector with a focus on organizational management. She has a passion for mission-driven organizations having served previously with TheMustard Seed and The Lung Association, Alberta and NWT among others.
As a caregiver for most of her life, Sandy has a deep understanding of the joys and challenges associated with caregiving. She has been involved in scores of research projects, provincial health initiatives and national forums, bringing a broad understanding of the scope of issues impacting caregivers and a collaborative spirit to advance “caregiver friendly” health and social care.
Sandy has a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the University of Victoria and also studied Arts Administration at MacEwan University.
Navigating the organ donation and transplantation (ODT) system in Canada can be complex and confusing for people on a transplant journey. This qualitative study embraces the power of lived experience to guide and inform a truly patient-driven project in which research priorities have been defined by patients, families and donors. The online survey and focus groups central to the project were co-designed with patient research partners using an extensive iterative approach. Engaging patients from across Canada at every step of the research process is yielding a better understanding of the lived experiences of those on a transplant journey and will be instrumental in developing patient-led and patient-focused recommendations for long term improvements to the ODT system.
Carrie Thibodeau is serving as project lead for a qualitative study called Improving Engagement and EmpoweringPatients on their Transplant Journey. Her educational background is in the fields of applied health sciences and communications, and the focus of her professional career has been on kidney health.
She has worked closely with both patients and medical professionals for many years, and she has collaborated on multiple projects with the Kidney Foundation of Canada. On a personal level, Carrie has a close family connection to the renal and transplant communities. Her youngest uncle (and de facto big brother) is a three-time kidney transplant recipient and is now undergoing hemodialysis. His experiences have had a profound impact on Carrie both personally and professionally. This project has been an opportunity to be part of a team responsible for ensuring that patients’ lived experiences are central to the decisions being made about how best to manage organ donation and transplantation in Canada.
Kristi Coldwell is the Senior Advisor for Transplant Research Advocacy at the Transplant Research Foundation of BC. Having undergone a heart transplant as a teenager due to congenital heart disease, Kristi is acutely aware of the role research plays in improving outcomes and enhancing quality of life. She believes Patient and Family Partners have an important role in shaping and informing research to ensure it is meaningful and accountable to all stakeholders. She also serves as the co-chair for the Patient Advocate Advisory Committee of the Organ Donation and Transplant (ODT) Collaborative, a Health Canada initiative that brings together key stakeholders in Canada’s ODT system.
Manuel Escoto joins us from Edmonton, Alberta. He completed his Master of Public Health from the Univers
ity of Alberta and has received training in patient-oriented research through the University of Calgary’s PACER (Patient and Community Engagement Research) Program. He is the Patient, Family, and Donor Partnerships & Education Manager with the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program. In this role, Manuel builds relationships patient partners with investigators and strengthens capacity among CDTRP patient partners.
As a kidney transplant recipient, Manuel has been a patient partner in various initiatives, including collaboration with the CAN-SOLVE CKD Network, The Kidney Foundation, Alberta Health Services, and other project focused on the health and well-being of kidney and transplant recipients.
Marie-Chantal Fortin’s bio
Marie-Chantal Fortin, M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.(c) is a transplant nephrologist at the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), a researcher at the Research Center of the CHUM and a professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the Université de Montréal. She received her medical degree from the Université de Sherbrooke. She completed her nephrology residency at the Université de Montréal. She has completed a PhD in bioethics in 2008 at the Université de Montréal.
She is a researcher within the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP) and the Theme 1 Academic Co-Lead. Her research interests are related to transplantation ethics and patient and researcher partnership in research and clinical care. She is a member of the ethics committee of Transplant Québec, the Canadian Blood Services and the Collège des médecins du Québec. Finally, she is also a research scholar of the FRQS.
One of the goals of The World Transplant Games Federation is to support full rehabilitation of transplant recipients through promoting physical activity. As part of this goal, an international research initiative has been launched which seeks to connect researchers from across the globe and provide assistance through various activities. In this talk, we will discuss our plans for how the research initiative will facilitate the engagement of patients, family and donors and what we are learning in the process.
Anders Billström 
Gareth Wiltshire
Dr. Wall is Professor Emeritus of Surgery at Western University. He established liver transplantation at London Health Sciences Center where he served as Director of the Multi-Organ Transplant Program from 1997 to 2007. He was a founding member and President of the International Liver Transplantation Society. Dr. Wall took the medical lead in developing and establishing the curriculum onelifemanygifts to educate secondary school students in Ontario about organ donation and transplantation.
Bernadine Boulet is the mother of Logan Boulet. Logan made an incredible difference in the registration of Organ Donors following his donations to make the lives of 6 people better after passing from a brain injury sustained in the Humboldt Bronco bus crash in 2018. From this, the Logan Boulet Effect and Green Shirt Day grew, which made the topic of organ donation easier to broach. Bernadine (Bernie) teaches Grade 2 in Lethbridge, AB and continues to be an advocate of sharing about organ donation and transplantation with students in elementary schools. She works to make these topics about helping others and for families to have effortless, straightforward conversations together.
Working in an Alberta elementary school is not a place where the topics of organ donation and transplantation are common or part of the curriculum, but Bernie is finding ways to make these topics unworried conversations and discussions. Her personal experience and advocacy have led her elementary school (and many others) to share these topics in a safe, open ways with these young students.
This presentation draws on an ongoing qualitative study, which investigates why rates of Living Donor Kidney Transplantation (LDKT) vary widely between Canadian provinces. By understanding and comparing the provincial systems in BC, ON and QC, we hope to help improve LDKT in provinces with comparatively lower rates. During the presentation, we will discuss the some of the problems faced by patients, families and donors as they navigate the health system to pursue LDKT. We will discuss our partnership and shared goals as a research team, as well as some of our findings so far.
Anna Horton is a qualitative researcher at the research institute of the McGill University Health Centre. Following an undergraduate degree in Social Anthropology at Edinburgh university she became interested in medical anthropology and the application of anthropological frameworks to study of healthcare policies, which she pursued during an MSC in Family Medicine at McGill University. Now, she applies her background in social sciences to the field of transplant nephrology. Her current work investigates differences in how Canadian provinces organize and govern Living Donor Kidney Transplantation (LDKT), in order to better understand and address disparate rates of LDKT across the county.
Sylvie Charbonneau is a retired entrepreneur, with more that 30 years of experience in change management. She is also the mom of 2 and the grandma of 2. In 2012 her son needed a kidney transplant, and she decided to become a living donor. After the transplant, she wanted to give
back and got involved as a volunteer for the Quebec branch of the Kidney Foundation. Since then, she served on the Board of Directors of the Kidney Foundation, for several year, in different roles. She is currently President of the National Board. She is also involved in different committees as a representative of living donors and advocating for organ donation. She hopes to use her professional experience, combined with her personal experience to change the world, on organ at a time.
Enjoy this presentation describing the My Kidneys My Health website that is based on preferences of people with CKD and their caregiver to support CKD self-management.
Dr. Maoliosa (Mo) Donald is a clinician-researcher with the Division of Nephrology at the University of Calgary, Cumming School of Medicine. She completed her PhD in Health Sciences and has been a Physical Therapist since 1992. Mo is passionate about interventions that support person-centered care, and innovations that address the evidence-practice gap for patients with chronic kidney disease. Her current work involves understanding the needs of individuals with early chronic kidney disease and investigating optimal strategies for supporting them and their families.
Dwight Sparkes lives in St John’s and works as a Senior Application Analyst with Newfoundland & Labrador Centre for Health Information. In 2014, Dwight was diagnosed with chronic tubulo-interstitial nephritis, caused by drug interaction while undergoing treatment for his vasculitis. Today Dwight’s vasculitis is in remission but lives with the effects of Chronic Kidney Disease every day. Dwight joined Can-SOLVE CKD as patient partner in 2017 as way to give back and hopefully be able to contribute to improving the lives of people living with CKD.
Dr. Rahul Mainra is a Transplant Nephrologist working in the Division ofNephrology at St. Paul’s Hospital in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan and Professor of Medicine at the University of Saskatchewan. He completed his medical training and residency in Saskatoon followed by a Nephrology fellowship at Western University in London, Ontario. Following this, he spent a year in Sydney, Australia completing a transplant fellowship along with a Masters in Medicine at the University of Sydney Department of Clinical Epidemiology. He returned to Saskatoon in 2008 to join the Saskatchewan Transplant Program in his current role. Rahul is active in the undergraduate medical program at the University of Saskatchewan and is the director of UGME for the Department of Medicine. Nationally, he is chair of the Living Donor Working Group for the ODTC and the Kidney Transplant Advisory Committee for CBS.
Carson Barber joins us from Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. She has been on dialysis for over 2.5 years and may be a candidate for a less-than-ideal transplant. Today, she joins us to share her perspectives on less than ideal transplants and what it would mean for her and other patients.
Lynne Feehan, is a researcher and the Knowledge Translation lead at the BC SUPPORT Unit, whose passion is supporting patient-partners and health researchers to learn how to collaborate and do meaningful partner engagement across health research activities. She is also a physiotherapist and clinical associate professor in the Department of Physical Therapy at UBC with many years working in the health system. Her lived experience as a researcher and clinician have helped Lynne learn how to navigate the opportunities and challenges when conducting, or using findings from, health research in health care and service delivery settings.
Shelby Gielen is originally from a small town in the BC Kootenays, received her first liver transplant at the age of 14, and her second liver transplant at the age of 27. Throughout her youth and adult life Shelby has been heavily involved in the transplant community as a mentor and volunteer and has been a two-time participant and multiple medal winner in the Canadian Transplant Games. For the past two years Shelby has been active as a Patient Partner with the Transplant Research Foundation of BC and the Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, with a keen understanding of the importance research plays in the success of future transplant journeys.
Earl Howell’s bioEarl Howell is the “The retired guy” and a liver transplant recipient of twenty-four years. My liver transplant was due to primary sclerosing cholangitis, a disease I was diagnosed with at 35 years old.
Kristi Coldwell is the Senior Advisor for Transplant Research Advocacy at the Transplant Research Foundation of BC. Having undergone a heart transplant as a teenager due to congenital heart disease, Kristi is acutely aware of the role research plays in improving outcomes and enhancing quality of life. She believes Patient and Family Partners have an important role in shaping and informing research to ensure it is meaningful and accountable to all stakeholders. She also serves as the co-chair for the Patient Advocate Advisory Committee of the Organ Donation and Transplant (ODT) Collaborative, a Health Canada initiative that brings together key stakeholders in Canada’s ODT system.
« I joined BC Transplant as an Organ Donation Specialist in 2018 and in 2020,I took on the role of In-Hospital Coordinator for Fraser Health Authority. Prior to that, my entire career had been in respiratory therapy. I was a severe asthmatic growing up and found comfort from the respiratory therapists and nurses who were able to help me breathe. This influence led me to flourish in a career as a respiratory therapist in Ontario and BC since 2008.
As a respiratory therapist, we are a big part of end of life care in the ICU. My experiences with seeing organ donation as a silver lining for families and for patients receiving a second chance at life, is what inspired me to learn more about career opportunities with BC Transplant.
Personally in 2018, I was diagnosed with a condition called keratoconus which affected my ability to see. In 2019 I almost lost complete vision in my left eye and was waitlisted for a cornea transplant. A few months later, I received my cornea transplant and was gifted the gift of sight again. This allowed me to continue my work in health care and provide care for my children. I feel honoured to be able to work for BC Transplant and help coordinate life-saving transplants. »
Matthew Weiss is a pediatric intensivist working in Québec City at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec and an assistant clinical professor of pediatrics at the Université Laval. He has multiple provincial and national donation roles, most notably as medical director of donation at Transplant Québec. His research interests mainly focus on the implementation of legislative and policy reform in organ donation. He is the national lead of the LEADDR research program on implementation of reforms in Nova Scotia and had led or collaborated in the development of several deceased donation best practice guidelines. His multiple peer reviewed publications touch on diverse aspects of adult and pediatric donation. Dr. Weiss has presented on these topics in local, national, and international scientific conferences and is a frequent communicator of donation policies and practices in media outlets.
Dr. Deepali Kumar is Professor of Medicine at the University of Toronto. She is a transplant infectious diseases physician in the University Health Network Transplant Center in Toronto. Dr. Kumar has a translational research program that consists of both clinical and laboratory-based research. Her research focuses on immunologic responses to vaccines and viral infections in transplant recipients. She has supervised numerous graduate students and medical residents/fellows. She has authored over 200 manuscripts, editorials, and book chapters in the field of transplantation. She is currently Deputy Editor at Clinical Transplantation. She has held various leadership roles in the transplant field. She is currently Chair of the Canadian Standards Association Technical Committee for Cells, Tissues, and Organs. She is also currently the President-Elect of the American Society of Transplantation.
Vanessa is a PhD-nurse, and a former Organ Donation Coordinator who has been devoted to research and active involvement in Organ Donation and Transplantation activities for over 10 years. Her research expertise is focused in quality improvement of organ donation programs and structures worldwide. She was a Kidney Research Scientist Core Education Program (KRESCENT) fellow and a Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP) trainee. She currently co-leads two groups within the CDTRP structure: Theme 1 “Improve the Culture of Donation” and the Allied Research in Donation and Transplantation (ARDOT) working group. She is currently an Assistant Professor at Brock University, and lead the investigation of burnout among donation coordinators, with the support and collaboration of Canadian Blood Services and key organ donation researchers nationally and internationally.
Dr. Alex Manara, FRCP FRCA FFICM, has been a Consultant in IntensiveCare Medicine at the Regional Neurosciences Intensive Care Unit in Bristol since 1990. He was a member of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges’ Working Party on a Code of Practice for the Diagnosis and Confirmation of Death, the international guideline development for the determination of death in collaboration with the World Heath Authority, and a member of the World Brain Death Project. He led the implementation of one of the first controlled DCD programmes in the UK in 2002. He has been involved in the development of national and international guidance on both the determination of death and on DCD. He has also been involved in the development of guidance and best practice strategies in many other aspects of deceased organ donation. He is an expert advisor on organ donation to the UK Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine and the National Quality Lead for Organ Donation in the UK.
His other interests include the management of patients with devastating brain injury, end of life care in ICU, management of severe traumatic brain injury.
Dr. Healey is a specialist in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine. He is the current Chief of Emergency Services, former Medical Director of Critical Care, and an Emergency and Critical Care Physician at William Osler Health System in Brampton, Ontario. Andrew is a Staff Emergency Physician at St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton and an Associate Clinical Professor at McMaster University in the Department of Medicine. Originally from Newfoundland, Dr. Healey has completed fellowship training in emergency medicine and critical care medicine, with a subspecialty focus on echocardiography at McMaster. He also completed a Master in the Donation of Organs, Tissues, and Cells for Transplantation at the Universitat de Barcelona, Spain. He is currently the Chief Medical Officer for Donation with Trillium Gift of Life (Ontario Health). His main interests are optimizing the donor family experience, improving donation-transplant communication, and uncontrolled lung donation. He is supported by four wonderful children and an extremely forgiving and understanding wife.
Aviva Goldberg is a pediatric transplant nephrologist and ethicist in Winnipeg, MB. She is the Section Head of Pediatric Nephrology and the Associate Dean UGME Student Affairs and Associate Professor at the Max Rady College of Medicine at the University of Manitoba. She is the Secretary of the Canadian Society of Transplantation and a member of CDTRP themes 1 and 5.
Charles Weijer is Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Philosophy at Western University in London, Canada. He is a leading expert in the ethics of randomized controlled trials. From 2008 to 2013 Charles co-led a collaboration that produced the first international ethics guidelines for cluster randomized trials. His current work explores ethical issues in pragmatic randomized controlled trials that evaluate health interventions in real-world conditions to better inform patients, health providers and health systems managers. Charles led the writing team for the World Health Organization guidance on “Ethical Considerations for Health Policy and Systems Research,” published in 2019. In 2020, he served on the WHO Working Group for Guidance on Human Challenge Studies in COVID-19. Charles held the Canada Research Chair in Bioethics from 2005 to 2019, and, in 2016, he was elected to the Royal Society of Canada.
« My personal perspective in the field of transplant continuously invigorates my desire to contribute. To that end, I am PFD partner with the CDTRP and I am currently pursing a PhD in Immunology with the University of Toronto with a focus on transplant immunology. »
Frédérick D’Aragon is an anesthesiologist and critical care consultant at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Quebec. He is an associate professor at University of Sherbrooke and a FRQS Clinical Scientist. Dr D’Aragon is co-leading, with Dr. Maureen Meade, The Canada-DONATE research program which aims to improve organ donor care in the ICU.
Dr. Rowe (MD, MSc, CCFP(EM), FCCP, FCAHS) has been the ScientificDirector of the Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health (ICRH) at the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) since late 2015. He is clinician-scientist working clinically in the University of Alberta Hospital emergency department and is a Professor in the Department of Emergency Medicine and School of Public Health at the University of Alberta, both located in Edmonton, Alberta.
Dr. Choy is Professor of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry at Simon Fraser University. He and his team are broadly interested in understanding the immunological mechanisms of transplant rejection and associated vascular injury. Recent studies are focused on understanding how inflammation and the gut microbiota influence immune responses that causes rejection and on development of strategies to protect blood vessels in grafts from early damage that causes rejection.
Laurie Blackstock is an intercultural facilitator and learning designer in the Ottawa area. She gained firsthand knowledge of the deceased organ and tissue donor process when her husband, Stephen Belliveau, experienced neurological death in January 2017.
Laurie joins us today as a Patient-Family-Donor (PFD) Partner with the Normothermic Regional Perfusion (NRP) ethics pilot study led by CDTRP Innovation Grant awardee Charles Weijer. She is also the CDTRP Patient Co-Lead for Theme 1: Improve a Culture of Donation; a member of the Organ Donation and Transplantation Cooperative (ODTC) Deceased Donation Working Group; and a member of the Ottawa Gift of Life advocacy and education group.
In 2018, Laurie told her husband’s story as a witness on behalf of the Kidney Foundation of Canada to the House of Commons Standing Committee on Health. Since then, she has been a guest speaker for numerous ODT events.
Dr. de Paula Ferreira is a research coordinator in the department of Physical Therapy at the University of Toronto. Dr. Ferreira completed her bachelor’s degree in Physical Therapy and Dance, followed by a Master’s and Ph.D. degrees in Physical Education at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) – Brazil, where she studied the effects of a home-based dance exercise program in people with Parkinson’s Disease. She is a CDTPR trainee involved with theme 5 – Restore Long-Term Health. Dr. Ferreira completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Toronto, working with Dr. Sunita Mathur on frailty and sarcopenia in solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. Currently, Dr. Ferreira is a research coordinator, working with Dr. Lisa Wickerson in a telerehabilitation and telemonitoring lab at the University of Toronto. Dr. Ferreira is interested in implementation projects and studies to improve patients’ quality of life and well-being.
Arthur J. Matas’s bio
Dr. Arthur J. Matas is a Professor of Surgery at the University of Minnesota – Twin Cities. Dr. Matas earned his medical degree in 1972 at the University of Manitoba, in Winnipeg, Canada. He did his surgical residency and transplantation fellowship at the University of Minnesota Hospitals, where he was actively involved in clinical and laboratory research.
Dr. Matas has authored or coauthored over 700 articles and book chapters and his research has been presented at numerous national and international meetings.
Dr. Matas is a long-standing member of many surgical and transplant-related societies including the American Society of Transplant Surgeons (of which he is a Past President).
Nicholas Murphy is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Medicine and Philosophy at Western University in London, Ontario. Supervised by CDTRP Investigators Drs. Charles Weijer and Marat Slessarev, Dr. Murphy’s research explores ethical issues in organ donation and transplantation, particularly as they relate to research with human participants.
Dr. Samantha J. Anthony is a Health Clinician Scientist in the Child Health Evaluative Sciences Program of the Research Institute at the Hospital for Sick Children. She has over 20 years of experience in the SickKids Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre as a Social Worker and is an Assistant Professor in the Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work at the University of Toronto. Dr. Anthony is also an Investigator with the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program.
Dr. Anthony has been recognized for her dedication to clinical practice and the application of research for improved patient outcomes. Her program of research centres on establishing an evidence-based foundation for successful psychosocial adaptation and enhanced quality of life for individuals with chronic disease, with a specific focus on pediatric solid-organ transplantation. Dr. Anthony has received national academic scholarships and has obtained competitive grants and research awards, including funding from Health Canada, CIHR, Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program, Enduring Hearts, Kidney Foundation of Canada and The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation.
Dr. Dhanani is the chief of the pediatric intensive care unit at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) in Ottawa and Professor (Pediatrics) at the University of Ottawa.
He is now the Chair of the Canadian Donation Physician Network, Chair of Canadian Blood Services’ national Deceased Donation Advisory Committee, and steering committee member of Health Canada’s Organ Donation and Transplantation Collaborative. Dr. Dhanani is Associate Director for donation research for the Canadian Donation and Transplant Research Program.
His own area of focus is leading international research pertaining to practices and standards for determining death after cardiac arrest for the purposes of donation.
Tatsuma Hind, BSc, is a third-year medical student at the University of British Columbia with an interest in youth mental health and wellbeing. He is currently working with the Multi-Organ Transplant Clinic at BC Children’s Hospital, studying the impacts of post-traumatic stress on quality of life after solid organ transplantation. Other research interests include evaluating psychosocial screening instruments in the pediatric emergency department.
Linda’s initial career started as a physiotherapist, graduating from McGill University. Her career path led to a 25-year involvement with the development of STARS Air Ambulance in western Canada. Community engagement has included governance on charitable boards and she holds the director certification from the Institute of Corporate Directors. She retired from her management role with STARS with the start of her caregiver journey for a family member who faced rapidly evolving end-stage liver disease.
Linda is a Patient Family Partner in the International Donation and Transplantation Legislative and Policy Forum and is currently the Chair, Alberta ORGANization Group, a community collaborative to advocate for organ donation in Alberta.
Glenna will discuss the formation of the ODTC, provide reflections on the process of creating the collaborative project and then discuss achievements and a view going forward.
Glenna is the Director with Pharmaceutical and Supplementary Benefits in the Alberta Health Ministry. Glenna has been a member of the Provincial Territorial Blood Liaison Committee since 2010 and during that time has had responsibility for both blood and organ donation and transplant files with the Ministry. She was proud to lead the development and implementation of the Alberta Organ and Tissue Donation Registry in 2014, which was a major achievement in advancing a culture of donation in Alberta. Glenna became chair of the Organ Donation and Transplant Collaborative Steering Committee in 2019 and on that committee seeks to bring the perspective of Provincial and Territorial Ministries of Health to this important collaborative initiative.
Mary, Karmen and Craig are all Indigenous patient partners with experiences ranging from being on the pre-transplant waitlist while on hemodialysis, to successful kidney transplant with jurisdictional issues and living kidney donor experience. The speakers will weave their journeys to highlight their diverse experiences and perspectives on the intersections of patient-oriented research, barriers/access to care and building cultural competencies with the research teams they engage with.
Mary Beaucage is Anishnaabe from Nipissing First Nation, outside of North Bay ON. Mary has type-2 diabetes and developed end-stage kidney disease in 2013, for which she received dialysis. In March 2015, Mary received a kidney from her cousin. She co-chairs several provincial and national patient councils, including the Ontario Renal Network’s Patient and Family Advisory Council, and the Can-SOLVE CKD Network’s Patient Governance Circle and Indigenous Peoples Engagement Research Council (IPERC). Mary is also a member of the CDTRP. She has been a keynote speaker, panel member and presenter at provincial, national and international nephrology conferences. She brings a wealth of knowledge, enthusiasm and passion to her work. Mary is interested in educating and advocating in matters of Indigenous health, patient partnership, chronic kidney disease research, and organ donation and transplantation awareness.
Karmen Omeasoo aka Hellnback has been an active member of the Canadian music scene for the ladder part of 25+ years. Having helped spearhead the native hip–hop envelope into the Canadian mainstream was one of his main goals as an artist. Warparty, Team Rezofficial are both groups that have done just that they faced every challenge head on to achieve success. Hellnback also has a new challenge one that has tested his will in every direction and that is stage 5 Kidney failure. With a kidney function of 4% HellnBack’s goal now is to spread awareness. Father of 6 happily married to Lisa Muswagon. Kidney failure has not been an easy path but with the support of his wife and children he would like to let you know kidney failure is not a death sentence.
Craig Settee is Anishinaabe and Néhinaw (Swampy Cree) citizen of Fisher River Cree Nation and grew up in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He is a living kidney donor to his brother and has participated previously as a patient partner with the Network. He brings this lived experience to the Coordinator role of the Indigenous Peoples’ Engagement and Research Council (IPERC).
Craig has several years of experience working as a cultural support worker, Action Therapist and community organizer with First Nations and inner-city community-based organizations. He is passionate about increasing Indigenous representation and amplifying Indigenous voices to foster better collaborative working relationships. He is a strong believer in person-oriented and community-based research and does so by providing support to share stories, experiences and expertise of Indigenous patient partners. This support as a helper/oshkaabewis works towards increasing Indigenous health and wellness priorities in patient-oriented kidney research by incorporating cultural safety principles and actions into Can-SOLVE CKD Network projects and partnerships.
Sherrie Logan is a caregiver of a pediatric liver transplant recipient. She is also finishing her first year of a full-time distance MPH Health Promotion program at the University of Alberta while working part-time as a Research Assistant at the University of Toronto. She holds a Bachelor of Science degree from York University in Kinesiology. Over the last fourteen years, she has committed her time and energy to improve the quality and quantity of life years restored by transplantation through the development of a grassroots peer support group (Patients and Family Engaged Partners), fundraising (Co-Founder, Ashley’s Angels) in support of The Transplant Centre at The Hospital for Sick Children, and co-leading (Exercise Hub) and engaging in research opportunities within the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program. Sherrie also holds an external advisory board position with Starzl Network and a patient engagement research position with the Society of Pediatric Liver Transplantation and the Canadian Institute of Health Research. During her free time, Sherrie enjoys spending time with her family, running and teaching yoga.
Dr. de Paula Ferreira is a research coordinator in the department of Physical Therapy at the University of Toronto. Dr. Ferreira completed her bachelor’s degree in Physical Therapy and Dance, followed by a Master’s and Ph.D. degrees in Physical Education at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) – Brazil, where she studied the effects of a home-based dance exercise program in people with Parkinson’s Disease. She is a CDTPR trainee involved with theme 5 – Restore Long-Term Health. Dr. Ferreira completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Toronto, working with Dr. Sunita Mathur on frailty and sarcopenia in solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. Currently, Dr. Ferreira is a research coordinator, working with Dr. Lisa Wickerson in a telerehabilitation and telemonitoring lab at the University of Toronto. Dr. Ferreira is interested in implementation projects and studies to improve patients’ quality of life and well-being.
Heather Talbot is a retired teacher, and the mother of Jonathon Talbot who donated his kidneys, lungs, liver and heart valves when taken off of life support at the age of 22 following a fatal car crash in which he was the passenger in 2009. Heather subsequently became a volunteer for Trillium Gift of Life Network, the CTA, Sunnybrook Hospital’s Transplant Committee, and the CDTRP where she has mostly worked with the DePPaRT team.
Dr. Mucsi is a clinician investigator and transplant nephrologist at the Multi-Organ Transplant Program and Division of Nephrology at the University Health Network (UHN) in Toronto. He also holds a cross appointment with the Semmelweis University Budapest. His current research focuses on understanding and reducing barriers and disparities in access to kidney transplantation and living donor kidney transplantation (KT) and assessing the impact of psychosocial distress on clinical outcomes of kidney transplant recipients. Read more here.
Lindsey Kemp is 
born and raised in Edmonton, AB. With a degree in Music Performance (saxophone performance) and Education, Lindsey has taught for over a decade in the Edmonton Public School system. When she is not teaching, she is very involved in the music community, performing in the Edmonton Winds, conducting her own community ensemble (The Beer League Band) and on numerous musical boards across the province. For the past 5 years, Lindsey has had to take a break from teaching after having her amazing son, George. Maternity leave did not goes as expected as George was diagnosed with Dilated Cardiomyopathy at 5 months old and required 2 heart transplants before the age of 4. During this time, Lindsey has also began to dedicate her time building and expanding her charity: Big Gifts for Little Lives, where they raise money to fund Pediatric Heart Transplant research at the Stollery.
Sylvia Okonofua’s bio
Sylvia Okonofua is Founder and Executive Director of Black Donors Save Lives, a federal non profit organization that works to engage Black peoples to donation of blood, stem cells, and organs and tissues. She is also a donor recruiter with Stem Cell Club. In these roles, Sylvia has worked for the past 7 years to overcome unique barriers to donation impacting African, Caribbean, and Black communities in Canada, and advocate for Black patients in need of lifesaving donation products. Through her work with Black Donors Save Lives, she also educates healthcare professionals and students about structural barriers to donation impacting Black peoples, and how the healthcare community can help overcome these critical challenges.
Andriy is a Principal at Juniper, a management consulting firm that specializes in strategy, innovation, and culture.He combines structured problem solving and human-centric design approaches to help organizations discover new strategic possibilities and develop new ways of working to help them become more sustainable and resilient. He has worked with a broad set of clients and industries to help them achieve their strategic and organizational goals. His experience spans from coaching and guiding executives at a nationwide entertainment company on setting and aligning strategic priorities for their organization, to helping a Canadian Crown Corporation create a detailed market analysis and strategic plan for a new digital product, to helping a non-profit organization transform its organizational structure with a focus on organizational agility and cross-functional collaboration. Andriy received his MBA from Queen’s University, where he was awarded the Gold Medal for Outstanding Achievement. He also has a degree in Electrical Engineering from University of Alberta, where he graduated with First Class Standing and he is a Certified SCRUM Master and Professional Agile Leader.
Brady Park is a donor recruiter and multimedia developer for Stem Cell Club, a donor recruitment organization that works to improve Canada’s stem cell donor registry. He is a fourth year undergraduate studying medical sciences at Western University in London, Ontario, where he has led the university’s Stem Cell Club chapter as co-president since 2019.
Brady launched and currently leads Stem Cell Club’s national TikTok committee, which develops short videos (TikToks) on the rapidly growing social media platform to support donor recruitment efforts. His team’s TikToks are published to tiktok.com/@stemcellclub and shared widely across social media, as well as by major medical organizations and Canadian media outlets. Brady also leads the development of longer videos featuring Canadian stem cell donors, recipients, family members, and recruiters. These videos support national virtual donor recruitment campaigns.
Brady’s research interests lie in the use of multimedia resources and social media to improve outcomes in hematopoietic stem cell donor recruitment, particularly the recruitment of committed ethnically/racially diverse donors. His work evaluates the impact of viewing multimedia on eligible donors’ knowledge and attitude towards stem cell donation, which are associated with donor ambivalence and attrition.
Twitter: @braadypark
Étienne is a professional of international affairs specialising in the academic ecosystem. In his current position at Mitacs as Director, International Business Development, he oversees and supports the implementation of the Globalink Research Award (GRA) program.
This program facilitates international collaboration through research internships for undergraduate, graduate students and postdoctoral fellows. Etienne works closely with the offices of research services all over Canada and with Mitacs’s international partners in 39 countries in both the European Union and globally.
Before joining Mitacs, Etienne accumulated experience in international affairs at two major Canadian universities as an International Affairs Advisor at the Université de Montréal’s Faculty of Medicine and as a Manager, International Agreements and Partnerships at Concordia University. During his mandates, he developed various international partnerships to support student mobility, research and international cooperation.
Étienne completed a Bachelor’s degree in in Political Science at the Université de Montréal and holds a Master’s degree in International Politics and International Law from the Université du Québec à Montréal. During his studies and before starting his professional life, he conducted an internship in international cooperation and research in Malawi and India.
Initially trained in sociology, Isabelle Doré holds a Ph.D. in public health and epidemiology and a postdoctoral fellowship in kinesiology. She is an assistant professor at the School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences in the Faculty of Medicine of the Université de Montréal and in the School of Public Health of the Université de Montréal. She is a regular researcher at the Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM). Her research focuses on physical activity as a strategy to promote mental health and reduce the risk of anxiety and depressive disorders and aims to understand the mechanisms that may explain the benefits of physical activity on these mental health indicators. Her research focuses on adolescents and young adults in the general population, individuals diagnosed with cancer, and immunosuppressed populations.
Jennifer Raven is the acting Manager of the Training and Career Support team within CIHR’s Science Policy Branch. Since first joining CIHR in 2010, she has held positions with the Institute of Infection and Immunity, and in a number of branches including the College of Reviewers, and Initiative Management and Institute Support. Additionally, from 2016 to 2019, Jennifer was on interchange with the Public Health Agency of Canada, in the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control branch.
Jennifer holds a B.Sc. in Biochemistry from the University of Waterloo, and a Ph.D. in Experimental Medicine from McGill University.
Dr. Kimia Honarmand is an adult critical care specialist and clinical epidemiologist. She holds a Masters Degree from the Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto and is completing a PhD in Clinical Epidemiology at McMaster University. Her research focuses on stakeholder perceptions regarding emerging and controversial practices and procedures in organ donation and transplantation. She has led several funded studies to evaluate the perceptions of healthcare providers and the general public in Canada regarding heart donation after circulatory death determination using mixed methods approaches. She has expertise in various research methodologies, including systematic review and meta-analysis, observational study designs, and qualitative and mixed methods research. She has over 30 peer-reviewed publications and serves as an investigator and methodologist with the Stakeholder Engagement Working Group for the Death Definition & Determination Clinical Practice Guidelines led by Canadian Blood Services (CBS), and as guideline methodologist on several Clinical Practice Guidelines sponsored by the Canadian Critical Care Society (CCCS) and Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM).
Dr. Kristina Krmpotic is a pediatric intensivist at IWK Health and assistant professor in the Department of Critical Care at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada. She is extensively involved in organ donation initiatives as a donation physician for Legacy of Life in Nova Scotia, co-Lead for activity one of the LEADDR program of research evaluating the impact of implementation of deemed consent legislation in Nova Scotia, and is the Donation Lead for the Academic Training Program at the CDTRP. Her research interests in organ donation are focused on improvements in system performance through analysis of quantitative metrics.
Dr. Lori West is a Professor of Pediatrics, Surgery, Medical Microbiology/Immunology and Laboratory Medicine/Pathology at the University of Alberta and Director of the Alberta Transplant Institute. A clinician-scientist, she has longstanding interest and expertise in pediatric heart transplantation and transplant immunology, particularly related to ABO glycoimmunology. Her pioneering work on crossing ABO-barriers led to global impact on infant heart transplantation. Dr. West is also the founding Director of the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, a national research coalition funded since 2013 by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Together with founding co-Director Dr. Marie-Josée Hébert, the CDTRP framework has grown to encompass collaborations in all streams of research with hundreds of investigators at 37 sites across Canada. Dr. West previously held the Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Heart Transplantation. She is past-president of the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation and the Canadian Society of Transplantation, immediate past-chair of the Women in Transplantation international initiative of The Transplantation Society, and served as a member of the Board of Directors of the American Society of Transplantation. She is also an honorary lifetime member of the British Society of Transplantation. A Fellow of both the Royal Society of Canada and the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences, Dr. West was inducted as an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2022.
Dr. Mary Smith holds a PhD in nursing from the University of Victoria and is a primary healthcare nurse practitioner in Ontario. She is also an Assistant Professor at Queens University in the school of nursing and is keenly interested in providing indigenous renal health through community driven and culturally safe research approaches. Her interests emerge from her own experiences as a living kidney donor and as a member of a First Nation community in Ontario. Mary has a volunteered with the Kidney Foundation of Canada and has provided presentations throughout Canada the United States and Australia on her experiences with kidney organ donation. Through the Kidney Foundation of Canada’s allied health grant Dr. Smith and her research team are currently engaged towards finding strength-based approaches indigenous solutions towards kidney health. In addition, she is also a volunteer member of the indigenous Peoples” Engagement and Research Council through the CAN-Solve CKD network. Furthermore, Mary has worked for over a decade in the provision of mental health care and is actively involved in mental health education.
Prior to his roll a Trillium Gift of Life Network/Ontario Health (TGLN), Michael served as a Funeral Director for 30 years. He is certified in crisis intervention and traumatic grief revitalization counselling. After accepting a position from TGLN in 2013 to build a support and aftercare program for Ontario donor families, another chapter of rewarding work began. This work has seen growth and expansion of supporting 2400 organ and tissue donor families per year that includes province wide donor recognition ceremonies, as well as, over 1000 pieces of anonymous correspondence being exchanged annually between recipients and their donor’s family.
For 30 years Sandra held various positions in the Banking industry. She received a liver transplant in 1997 after several years of going undiagnosed with a rare liver disease and Crohn’s disease. After years of treatment for Crohns she required a permanent Ostomy in 2012. She has dealt with skin cancer melanoma & currently has chronic kidney disease. One year post transplant Sandra was diagnosed with PTSD and takes medications to treat the anxiety and depression that goes with this mental illness.
Sandra is a Patient Partner co lead with the Canadian Donation Transplant Research Program (CDTRP) on the Long-term outcomes Theme. She helps to determine research questions, and co-design studies, recruit study participants and assist with knowledge translation. Her focus has been on Exercise, Nutrition & Mental Health and Wellness as these are the areas of research that Patients & Caregivers are interested in seeing done. Sandra was a Steering Committee member of CanRestore from 2014-2018.
Using her lived experience as a transplant patient & as a benefactor of organ donation she has been a passionate advocate for organ & tissue donation & has mentored others afflicted with diseases requiring a transplant on their healthcare journey.
Vanessa Gruben B.Sc.H (Queen’s), LL.B. (Ottawa), LL.M. (Columbia) is an Associate Professor at the University of Ottawa, Faculty of Common Law and a member of the Centre for Health Law, Policy and Ethics. Her research focuses on a variety of topics in health law including the legal and ethical issues regarding organ donation, assisted reproduction and professional self-regulation. She is co-editor of the 5th edition of Canada’s Canadian Health Law and Policy, co-edited with Joanna Erdman and Erin Nelson (LexisNexis, 2017). Her work has been funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, Canadian Blood Services and the Foundation for Legal Research.
Professor Gruben teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in Health Law, Public Health Law as well as a seminar on Access to Health Care.
BC Transplant’s organ donation team learned to make quick adaptations along the way during an ongoing, and evolving pandemic to ensure life-saving gifts were still a possibility to people in need. It was paramount to be malleable to a changing landscape.
Collaboration and communication with all health care partners become vital to the success of donation and transplant at a time when the system is extremely strained. Despite all the obstacles this pandemic has brought to organ donation, we set records for lung and heart transplants in 2020 and are on our way to break the record for deceased donations in 2021. This is a direct result of the commitment of our team and the bedside staff in British Columbia.
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) is Canada’s premier health research funding agency. Our strategic plan (2021-2031) focusses on excellence in health research; capacity development; Indigenous health research; equity, diversity and inclusion; and knowledge mobilization. This presentation will highlight the value of high-quality evidence in improving the health of all Canadians. In addition, he will summarize the national and international models for funding international multi-centered clinical trials. Finally, he will describe new funding for clinical trials being proposed at CIHR.
COVID-19 has impacted all aspects of transplantation and transplant recipients are at risk of severe disease. This talk will provide an overview of what we know about new therapies such as monoclonal antibodies and antivirals for COVID-19 and their use in transplantation. Donors are required to be screened for COVID-19 and the potential for use of organs from COVID-19 donors will be discussed. The immune response and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in transplant candidates and recipients will also be presented.
Using longitudinal data collected since April 2020, we will present preliminary results from our studies currently ongoing that aim to better understand whether pet ownership and type of pet impact stress level, anxiety and depressive symptoms, resilience but also lifestyle habits such as sleep, sedentary behaviors and physical activity of immunosuppressed individuals and their relatives in the specific context of COVID-19 pandemic.
Individuals from Indigenous and racialized (African, Caribbean and Black [ACB], South and East Asian) communities in Canada have a higher risk of kidney failure, compared to whites, due to higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, some specific kidney disease. Potentially, lower access to preventative and risk reducing intervention may also contribute.
In turn, patients with kidney failure from these communities are much less likely to receive a live donor kidney transplant, which is the best treatment option for kidney failure from a medical perspective for eligible patients. Patients with kidney failure from indigenous and racialized communities are also more likely to wait longer for a deceased donor kidney transplant. In addition to socio-economic disparities, living in rural and remote areas of the country, mistrust in the medical system, historic and personal experiences with micro- and macro-aggression, experiences with racism within and outside the healthcare system may contribute to these persistent inequities. Potential lack of knowledge about the impact of kidney failure and the risk/benefit of each treatment modality may also contribute.
In this presentation I will focus on barriers patients from ACB and Asian communities may face when considering treatment options for kidney failure.
The endothelial glyxocalyx is a glycoprotein-rich coating on the luminal surface of vascular endothelial cells that has important immune modulatory properties. It is particularly susceptible to injury during organ procurement and this may play a role in triggering early graft inflammation and rejection. Rebuilding the endothelial glycocalyx by enzymatic conjugation of linear polyglycerol polymers containing the bioactive sugar sialic acid onto the surface of human endothelial cells reduced leukocyte binding and inhibited leukocyte-mediated cytotoxicity of endothelial cells. Application of this technology to artery grafts in a mouse model led to substantial reductions in early inflammation, and acute and chronic rejection. Also, this cell surface engineering of vascular endothelial cells in mouse kidney transplant models reduced ischemia-mediated kidney graft failure and allograft rejection. This work provides a foundation for the development a novel cell surface engineering protocol that can be applied to donor organs at the time of procurement and protects them from rejection.
– Hematologist, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program of BC
– Scientist, Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Institute
– Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia
– Director, Clinical Cellular Therapy Laboratory, BC Cancer
– Medical Director, Conconi Family Immunotherapy Laboratory, BC Cancer
Dr. Kevin Hay is a Clinician Scientist at the Terry Fox Laboratory and Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program of BC in Vancouver. Dr. Hay received a Master of Science in Immunology at the University of Manitoba (2008), followed by an MD (2011). After completing residency in Internal Medicine (2014) and a clinical fellowship in Haematology (2016) at the University of British Columbia, he was awarded a scholarship through the Clinician Investigator Program of UBC to pursue a postdoctoral fellowship in cellular immunotherapy which he completed at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle Washington under the mentorship of Dr. Cameron Turtle. Dr. Hay’s research focuses on understanding the unique toxicities associated with Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells, as well as the development of novel CAR-T cell therapies. He is Director of the BC Cancer Clinical Cellular Therapy Laboratory where he oversees the processing of cells for hematopoietic cell transplantation. He also serves as Medical Director of the Conconi Family Immunotherapy Laboratory, a facility in British Columbia dedicated to the manufacturing of cellular immunotherapies, and is a Principal Investigator on a Phase I/II trial in Canada using CD19 CAR T-cells for the treatment of B-cell malignancies.
Throughout the pandemic, life as a vulnerable family has been a difficult and lonely one. I will be sharing with everyone what it has been like to be the parent of a transplant recipient, how Covid has affected us, and how we hope we can inspire others to pay more attention to taking care of the vulnerable people within their community.
In this presentation Dr Ferreira will explore how she adapted her PhD research study “Home-based dance exercise program for people with moderate Parkinson’s disease” to Movimentum which is platform for the Virtual Home-based exercise and well-being Centre for solid organ transplant patients and people with chronic disease. Also, she will talk about her start as a researcher in Canada, the importance of being exposed to networks/collaborators, and speaking-up about your ideas and how the CDTRP meetings and other presentations are helping her to build her career in Canada.
Michael will speak to the value of the exchange and content that occurs between recipients and donor families when writing to each other, along with positive grief outcomes for donor families struggling to find meaning in a loved one’s death. Although not permitted in Ontario at present, the desire for those connected by donation and transplantation to meet each other will be discussed.
Princess is a first-year master’s student at the Institute of Medical Science at the University of Toronto. She obtained her medical degree from the University of Benin, Nigeria. Princess is interested in understanding barriers resulting in health inequities among marginalized populations, particularly those affected by chronic health conditions like kidney disease. She is currently a member of the Kidney Health Education and Research Group working on ACTION, a project to improve access to Living Donor Kidney Transplantation in Ethno-racial Minority communities in Canada. In addition, she is aspiring towards a career in population health research and academia.
This presentation will discuss some of the common psychosocial challenges that exist across the extended temporalities of various types of solid organ transplantation: from initial psychosocial assessments, to waitlisting, to adherence post-transplant, and to long-term survivorship as well as graft failure. We discuss the limits of quantitative analyses in capturing the nuance and complexity of aspects of these challenges, and describe a novel project underway at UHN that brings together ethnography, arts-based practices, science and technology studies, and critical disability scholarship to re-imagine the frictions that can arise across the span of transplantation. Within this reimagining, we suggest that new areas and opportunities for care arise.
In Canada, the law protects the anonymity and privacy of organ donors and transplant recipients. Within this legal framework, the organ donation and transplantation community has developed a range of policies that permit the disclosure of certain types of information between donor families and transplant recipients. Some donor families and transplant recipients have argued that these laws and policies are overly restrictive and have advocated for the option to disclose identifying information and the opportunity to make contact with one another. This presentation will explore the current legal and policy frameworks in Canada and consider whether these frameworks should be revised to permit greater information disclosure.
The purpose of this presentation is to share the advancements of the national research program Burnout and Resiliency in Coordinators (BRiC study) that aims to identify and reduce work-related issues (e.g., burnout, compassion fatigue, moral distress, etc.) among organ and tissue donation coordinators in Canada. We will present the overview of the program along with the progresses made so far.
Dr Fortin will look at the ethical issues surrounding anonymity between donors and recipients.
Gabriele is currently a medical student at Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada. She has been involved in stem cell donor recruitment for over 5 years and has an interest in equity, diversity, and inclusion work. Gabriele is also lead of Why We Swab (@WhyWeSwab across Facebook/Instagram/Twitter), which develops and shares stories of stem cell donors and recipients, their family and caregivers, and transplant staff.
Louis Beaulieu is the Chief Executive Officer of Transplant Québec and Secretary and Treasurer of the Board of Directors, the Québec-wide Organ Donation Organization mandated by the Minister of Health and Social Services, since 2008. He is acting as administrator in Québec, Canada and internationally. Furthermore, he interacts with the media on a regular basis.
In 2011, Louis Beaulieu was elected Full member of The Transplantation Society (TTS) and, in 2013, member of the Board of Directors of the International Society for Organ Donation and Procurement (ISODP) where is acting as the Treasurer since 2017.
From 2010 to 2018, he was appointed by the Cabinet of Québec, as a member of the Board of Directors of the Fonds de recherche du Québec – Santé (FRQ-S).
Louis Beaulieu is a Speech-Language Pathologist since 1993. From 1996 to 2008, he was the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Ordre des orthophonistes et audiologistes du Québec*. Alongside this, he was the Vice President (1998-2006) and then the President (2006-2008) of the Québec Interprofessional Council. In 2017, he received the Award Mérite du Conseil. In 2014, he was honored by the Université de Montréal as one of the 8 graduates between 8 000 people form the 1989 promotion.
Louis Beaulieu obtained his first Bachelor’s degree in Arts, from Université Laval (1986). He earned his second Bachelor’s degree in Sciences in 1989, followed in 1993 by a Master’s degree in speech language pathology and audiology from Université de Montréal. In 2014, he complete the Summer School in Management of Creativity in the Society of Innovation, a HEC-Université de Montréal and Barcelona University program.
« Pediatrician from Switzerland, currently fellow in Pediatric Critical CareMedicine at the Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University. After my training in Pediatrics, I pursued a training in Pediatric Intensive Care, Neonatology and adult ICU. I have a research interest in congenital heart disease physiology and pediatric organ donation. »
Dr. Shemie’s area of interest is organ replacement during critical illness. He isa pediatric critical care physician, ECMO specialist and trauma team leader at the Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre. He is a Professor of Pediatrics at the Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University and honourary staff in the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto. He is medical advisor, deceased organ donation, with Canadian Blood Services. His academic focus is advancing the science and practice of deceased organ donation. His research interests include the clinical and policy impact of organ failure support technologies, the development and implementation of national ICU-based leading practices in organ donation and research at the intersection of end-of-life care, death determination and deceased donation.
« We will walk you through the journey of incredible loss, hope, joy and peace as we share our story. The story of how the loss of a teenage boy and the sheer determination for keeping his legacy alive found an unexpected road which led to family, love and a sense of gratitude. »
Donor mother and mother of 2, trying to make a difference and continue a legacy.
Grateful Heart Recipient, 50 year old father of two children, a man living life to the fullest every day.
Dr. Mélanie Dieudé is an immunologist, Professeure Associée at the Faculty of Medicine of Université de Montréal, Principal Scientist at the Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), and the Executive Director of the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program. She is the recipient of numerous distinctions such as the Scientific Personality of the Year 2017 (LaPresse, Montreal), and the American Transplant Congress Young Investigator award (2011). Dr. Dieudé research program focusses on tissue injury derived extracellular vesicles and their impact on autoimmune responses of importance in Solid Organ Transplant rejection, Graft vs Host Disease and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Dr John Gill is Professor of Medicine with tenure at The University of BritishColumbia, Division of Nephrology, St. Paul’s Hospital.
Dr Gill completed his medical training in 2000–BSc 1990, MD 1995 (British Columbia), Internal Medicine 1998 (Western Ontario), Nephrology 2000 (British Columbia)–and completed a Masters degree in clinical care research at Tuft’s University in Boston (2002) before joining the Division of Nephrology at UBC in July, 2002.
John is an active researcher whose interests include clinical outcomes in kidney transplantation, access to care, clinical trials and health services research. He has served as the supervisor for Masters and PhD candidates at the UBC School of Population and Public Health. He holds a Canadian Institutes of Health Research Foundation Grant and received the Established Clinical Investigator Award from the American Society of Transplantation in 2017. He is a Past President of the Canadian Society of Nephrology and the Canadian Organ Replacement Register Board of Directors. He previously served as a co-chair of the White House Research and Innovation in Transplantation Working Group under President Obama.
Dr Gill currently serves on the Expert Advisory Panel of the United States Renal Data System and the External Expert Panel of the NIH Apollo Study. John is Consulting Editor for the American Journal of Transplantation and Associate Editor of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. John is President-elect of the American Society of Transplantation and is also a member of several national working groups to advance care for transplant recipients in Canada.
Dr. Anton Skaro joined the Division of General Surgery and Multi-Organ Transplant Program, Department of Surgery, Western University in September as an Associate Professor. Dr. Skaro completed medical school at Western University followed by residency and a PhD at Dalhousie University. He completed a fellowship in Transplantation Surgery at Northwestern University in Illinois after which he joined the Northwestern Department of Surgery as an Assistant Professor. He was promoted to Associate Professor at Northwestern in 2014.
Dr. Skaro’s research in liver transplantation has garnered significant grant funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) / National Institute on Aging/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). He has more than 50 publications in the peer-reviewed literature and has presented his research nationally and internationally.
« I am an academic critical care physician practicing at a quaternary care centre and a general internist. My experiences include a diverse practice that includes community hospital settings. I am a PhD Candidate with a research interests in clinical trial design and guideline development in the areas of point-of-care ultrasound as well as deceased organ donation. I also am engaged in the education of medical students, residents, and critical care fellows. »
Henrietta graduated from medical school at the University of Aberdeen inScotland (UK) and left clinical practice to retrain as a lawyer at the College of Law in London. After working as a barrister in London, she embarked on a PhD at the University of Glasgow to pursue her interest in academia. She is currently writing up her dissertation which examines the concept of donor autonomy in organ donation. Her research interests are in medical law and specifically, in the ethical and legal issues of organ transplantation.
Stephen M. Robbins Ph.D. is the Director of the Lady Davis Institute at theJewish General Hospital, Glaxo Smith Kline Chair in Pharmacology and Professor in the Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology at McGill University. In 2013 he was appointed as the Scientific Director of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Institite of Cancer Research and has served two terms.
He completed his undergraduate degree at York University in 1985 and then completed his PhD in 1991 at the University of British Columbia in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology. He obtained his passion for cancer research while pursuing his postdoctoral studies (1991-1996) under Nobel laureate, Dr. J. Michael Bishop at the University of California at San Francisco. He joined the University of Calgary in 1996 where he elevated to the rank of Professor in the Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. He finished his final term as a Scientist of the Alberta Innovates Health Solutions (formerly known as the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research) and held a Canada Research Chair Tier 2 in Molecular Genetics of Cancer. From 2009-2013 he was the Director of the Southern Alberta Cancer Research Institute and was the Associate Director Research for Alberta Health Services Cancer Care. In addition to serving as the Scientific Director of ICR he is the current Chair of Governing Council for the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Lyon, France) and past Chair of the Canadian Cancer Research Alliance.
Dr. Robbins has had a long-standing interest in understanding the biochemical circuitry that controls cellular proliferation and differentiation and how this circuitry goes awry in cancer. During his research career he has taken a more translational approach including defining new therapies for malaria, has discovered a novel class of anti-inflammatory agents and identified new therapeutic targets for brain tumours. Recently a peptide that he and his colleagues discovered has moved to a Phase 2 clinical trial in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In addition to maintaining a productive research program he is also committed to teaching and graduate education and has won several awards with respect to these activities.
« I majored in microbiology and biochemistry at the University of Muenster, Germany and did my doctoral work (in dubious German) with Paul Tudzynski, studying the role of active oxygen in the pathologic mechanism of the rye pathogen Claviceps purpurea (most notorious for producing the LSD precursor lysergic acid).
As a postdoc in Vancouver I switched to the field of medicine, comparing heat shock protein epitopes in pathogenic and commensal strains of Staphylcococcus- and wondering how the immune system differed between the two (remember flesh eating disease). In my second postdoc with Dr. Ted Steiner, I looked at the influence of stress (ATP, active oxygen) on intestinal cell sensing of bacterial flagellin; did strange (but gentle) things to mice to further the understanding of inflammatory bowel disease. I moved to a research associate position with Kirk Schultz, who specializes in leukemia immunotherapy. In his lab I organized his clinical research trials, ran yet more ELISAs and dabbled a bit on the side in the immunostimulatory properties of mitochondrial DNA, among other things. Finally I have landed in Megan’s hardcore adaptive immunology lab where I am all about developing and standardizing assays for the clinical setting. One project aims to stratify patients with autoimmune disease based on likely response to biologicals, another deals with immune monitoring of post-transplant patients by flow cytometry.
My prevailing interest is in the conflict between self and everything that is not self (including altered self-cancer, and somebody else’s self-transplant). Which covers just about everything. »
Susan Doherty is an award-winning Montreal author of both fiction and non-fiction. Her volunteer work on the psychiatric units at the Douglas Hospital led to the publication of The Ghost Garden, an exploration of the lives of people suffering from psychotic illnesses. Her new work of fiction, The Monday Rent Boy, deals with child exploitation on the Darkweb. She is an active board member at several shelters for vulnerable women.
In 2015, she contracted HLH. a rare blood disorder that required a bone marrow transplant. 23-year old William Ashby-Hall of St. Albans, UK was her stem cell donor.
At the time of my SCT, Canadian MSM donors were severely restricted from joining the blood services registry. It’s a bias that excludes an important group of young men from participating in the life-saving act of stem cell donation. These rules have been re-examined, and I’m the beneficiary of a critical subset of global members who wish to save lives.
Rupal Hatkar is a third year PhD student in cancer genomics at University of Toronto (U of T) in the department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology. In addition to her graduate studies, she also works as a stem cell specialist at Princess Margaret Hospital, where she assesses blood stem cell donors and recipients to ensure informed consent and clearance for transplant, and supports the management of the cellular therapy inventory (including domestic and international stem cells). Since 2019, Rupal has served as co-president of the U of T chapter of Stem Cell Club, a non-profit organization which works to raise awareness about blood stem cell donation and increase representation of diverse ethnic/racial groups on the Canada’s Stem Cell Registry. In addition to her leadership in stem cell donor recruitment at U of T, Rupal supports national donor recruitment efforts through her work developing and evaluating virtual campaigns to recruit specific needed demographics of donors and to build a more inclusive donor registry, including for LGBTQ2S+ people.
Dr. Gofton completed medical school at Dalhousie University (Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada) followed by Neurology residency training at Western University. She has dual fellowship training in Hospice and Palliative Medicine at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (New York, New York, USA) and in Neurocritical Care and Electroencephalography at Western University. Dr. Gofton is currently an Associate Professor at the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry (Western University) in the Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences and has been a faculty member since 2012. She is the acting director of the Neurocritical Care fellowship training program.
Dr. Gofton has been an invited speaker at national and international meetings and has received research grant support from national funding agencies. Her research interests and publications are on topics in neurocritical care and neuropalliative care. In neurocritical care, Dr. Gofton’s research focuses on disorders of consciousness, status epilepticus and neurophysiology as it relates to deceased organ donation. In neuropalliative care, Dr. Gofton investigates challenges and barriers to initiation of neuropalliative care, neuropalliative care in serious neurological illness and neuropalliative education for trainees.
Jennifer A. Chandler researches and writes about the legal and ethical aspects of biomedical science and technology, with focuses on mental health law and policy, neuroethics, organ donation and regenerative medicine. She has published widely in legal, bioethical and health sciences journals and is the co-editor of the recent book Law and Mind: Mental Health Law and Policy in Canada (2016).
She is internationally recognized for her research and writing in the law and ethics of the brain sciences. She is an elected member of the Board of Directors of the International Neuroethics Society, and serves on international editorial boards in the field, including Clinical Neuroethics (part of the Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics), the Springer Book Series Advances in Neuroethics, and the Palgrave-MacMillan Book Series Law, Neuroscience and Human Behavior. She is also a member of the international advisory boards for the Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM) Neuroethics Network (Paris), and the Société française de psychologie juridique (Paris).
She contributes to work on legal policy and the administration of justice in Canada as a member of the Board of Directors of the Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice, and is active in public policy in organ donation and transplantation as a member of the ethics committees of the Ontario Trillium Gift of Life Network and Canadian Society of Transplantation.
She holds the Bertram Loeb Research Chair at the University of Ottawa, leading several research teams addressing trust in the organ and tissue donation system, family decision-making at end of life, and the law and ethics of ante-mortem interventions intended to support organ donation. She is also a co-lead of the Research Core on Ethics, Law and Society for the Canadian National Transplant Research Program.
Her ethico-legal and qualitative empirical research at the cutting edge of advances in biomedical science and technology has been funded by CIHR, SSHRC, Canadian Blood Services, the Stem Cell Network, Genome Canada, Law Foundation of Ontario and the Canadian National Transplant Research Program.
At the University of Ottawa, Professor Chandler teaches courses in Mental Health Law and Neuroethics, Medical-Legal Issues, and Tort Law, and holds an interdisciplinary reading group called “Mind Brain Law” on ethico-legal questions raised by emerging research in the brain sciences, behavioural genetics, and mental health law. She is a member of the Centre for Health Law, Policy and Ethics, where she co-leads the interdisciplinary working group on Power, Vulnerability and Health.
She holds degrees in Law from Harvard University and Queen’s University, and a degree in Biology from the University of Western Ontario. She joined the University of Ottawa’s Faculty of Law in 2002, after serving as clerk to the Hon. Mr. Justice John Sopinka of the Supreme Court of Canada.
Claire Williment was appointed as the Head of Transplant Development in NHS Blood and Transplant in 2013, with responsibility for developing and implementing strategies for increasing the number and quality of organs for transplant both nationally and internationally. In 2017 she was appointed as the Accountable Executive for Opt Out Legislation Implementation, to oversee the development and delivery of plans to implement the changes in 6 different UK countries regarding consent for organ and tissue donation. In 2020, she was appointed as the Accountable Executive for the Organ Utilisation Programme, leading a portfolio of activities aimed to maximise the potential for organ transplantation in the UK. She is also the Secretary to the Organ Utilisation Group, responsible for making recommendations for improving the UK transplant services.
Prior to joining NHSBT, Claire worked in the Department of Health, where she was a Senior Policy Lead with organ donation, respiratory disease and pathology services within her portfolio. She also spent several years working in Health Ministers’ offices.
Lauren Sano is currently an undergraduate student at Western University inLondon, Ontario. She is the co-president of the Stem Cell Club at Western’s chapter and has been involved with stem cell donor recruitment for several years. She was previously a stem cell donor for her father, and she uses her story as a platform to encourage and educate others to join the registry. She is also a member of the @WhyWeSwab team which develops stories of stem cell donors and recipients.
Dr. Roza is an Associate Professor at the School of Nursing at the Federal University of Sao Paulo – Unifesp. She graduated in nursing, and specialized through the residency program in surgical nursing, at Unifesp. Dr.Roza completed her Master and Doctoral degrees at Nursing School, Federal University of Sao Paulo – Unifesp, with emphasis in organ donation research investigating family refusal reasons in Brazilian Organ Donation Organizations. She is the leader of the Study Group in Organ and Tissue Donation and Transplantation – GEDOTT / CNPq. She is currently the associate Editor of the Acta Paulista de Enfermagem Journal, a member of the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplants – ABTO, Department of Transplant Coordination, and an active member of the International Transplant Nurses Society. As a full member of the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) Permanent Biovigilance Commission, she coordinates the funded project “Implementation of the National Biovigilance System”, funded by the United Nations Development Program in Brazil (UNDP). PAHO-Washington consultant for the « technically subsidize the management of hemo and biovigilance and post-use surveillance of food, cosmetics and sanitizing products by anvisa, regarding the preparation of the chapter on biovigilance-concepts and the work plan for the construction of the biovigilance module of the OPAS strengthening of government course on the national system of donation and transplantation. She also leads the funded project « Smart Autonomous Packaging for the Cold Chain of Health Systems », to develop a safe transportation system for products of human origin, especially organs, tissues and cells for transplantation, in partnership with Mauá Institute of Technology, the São Rafael Industry and Comerce Ltda., and the Technology and Food Institute (ITAL) – Department of Agriculture and Supply (Sao Paulo).
Antemortem interventions are performed on a prospective donor in the context of controlled donation after circulatory death with the aim of optimizing the chances of successful organ transplantation. These include procedures and adjustments to the management of the dying patient which benefit the transplant recipient and offer no clinical benefit to the donor.
In this presentation, we will discuss the central ethical and legal issues in antemortem interventions in terms of the interests of the prospective donor and the justification for harm, the validity of consent, and the authority of surrogates to make decisions on behalf of the patient.
Randomized controlled trials of antemortem interventions in organ donation are required to ensure that such interventions are both safe and effectiveness. The design and conduct of RCTs of antemortem interventions raise difficult ethical issues, including informed consent from donor families and recipients, equipoise, protections for imminently dying patients, and protections for research bystanders, including donor families and recipients of non-target organs. Ethical guidance specific to RCTs of antemortem interventions in organ donation does not exist and is urgently needed.
In donation after circulatory death, donor interventions aim to improve transplant outcomes. However, the clinical science of antemortem intervention to improve posttransplant organ function remains underdeveloped. The design, organization, and conduct of randomized clinical trials in donation after circulatory death are severely curtailed by a myriad of ethical, regulatory, and pragmatical challenges. Raising awareness on these unique issues will benefit the donation and transplantation communities.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, in which the body’s immune system attacks its own cells and organs. One of the attacked organs is the kidney, leading to a disease called lupus nephritis (LN). LN is a serious manifestation, affecting 60% of adults with SLE. The attacked kidneys are then unable to filter waste products from the blood properly. About 30% of patients progress to end-stage renal disease where the kidneys no longer work. Patients then must go on dialysis or have a transplant to survive. During LN, the immune system attacks the blood vessels that deliver oxygen and nutrients to the kidneys. Our group has shown that attacked blood vessels, when they die, release messengers that can alert the immune system and induce the production of autoantibodies, antibodies directed against molecules of the individual himself. One of these molecules, « LG3 », is found on micro-vessels. Our group has also demonstrated that the autoantibodies directed against LG3, the anti-LG3, were important actors in the loss of micro-vessels in several kidney diseases and in the rejection of transplants. We have also demonstrated that anti-LG3 autoantibodies measured after kidney transplantation are associated with severe vascular rejection and that pre-transplant anti-LG3 levels are also associated with acute vascular rejection of renal allografts. We have found that these anti-LG3s were present in greater amounts in the blood of patients with LN as well as in mice with lupus. The objective of my project is to characterize the impact of anti-LG3 attack on kidney micro-vessels to identify new mechanisms and predictors of renal dysfunction. My project provides a unique opportunity to identify new intervention targets to develop tests and therapies that will help monitor
and treat patients with LN to prevent the devastating effects of this disease and the need for transplantation.
Introduction: Low muscle mass is common in children waiting for liver transplantation and can make recovery after transplant more difficult. Muscles are made up of different fibers which have different functions. Some muscle fibers are better for endurance activity (slow muscle fibers [type I]), where some are better for power and strength (fast muscle fibers [type IIA and IID]). Little is known how these muscle fibers are affected by the loss of muscle that happens with liver disease. This study aims to describe the differences in muscle (fiber types, and size) in children who have experienced loss of muscle and those who have not.
Methods: Children were recruited from the Stollery Children’s Hospital Pediatric Transplant Clinics. Muscle mass was determined from MRI or CT scans done at time of transplant assessment and was corrected for height to determine muscle index (cm2/m2). Low muscle mass was determined by comparing muscle index of healthy controls to children with liver disease. Biopsy samples of the abdominal muscles were taken at time of transplant. Muscle fiber histology was performed to determine the amount and proportions of different types of muscle fibers present within the biopsy sample.
Results: 18 children (0.3 – 15.0 years) have been recruited. 14 children have been transplanted, 2 subjects are currently awaiting transplant, and 2 have died waiting for transplant. The most common type of liver disease was biliary atresia (39%), followed by Alagille’s syndrome (17%) and other (44%). A total of 33.3% of children had low muscle mass. The percentage of fiber types were: type I (56.8 ± 11.1%), type IIA (47.3% ± 16.6%) and type IID (8.2 ± 3.2%). However, no differences were seen the proportions of muscle fibers in children with and without low muscle mass.
Conclusions: This data suggests that children with liver disease who have normal muscle mass and low muscle mass both have similar proportions of muscle fiber types.
Background: Kidney transplantation (KT) is the best treatment for patients with kidney failure. But a KT does not last forever and many patients will eventually lose their transplanted kidney. There is barely any research about the experiences of patients who have lost a transplanted kidney. Also, no research has looked at how these patients decide what to do next – for example, whether or not to get another transplant. Because there is so little research on this, our aims are to: i) understand the experiences of patients who have lost a transplanted kidney; ii) understand how they decide on treatment afterwards.
Methods: This is a qualitative study, which means that we will gather information by talking to people who have lost a transplanted kidney to find out about their experiences and what they think. Firstly, we will ask 30 people who have lost a KT to keep a diary for six months, where they can write about their experiences. After that, we will interview them to talk about these experiences.
Anticipated findings: The findings of this study will be in-depth accounts about the experience of graft loss, in the words of the people who experience it. By finding out about the experience of losing a transplanted kidney from people directly, we can also make sure that strategies to improve healthcare for these patients are firmly based on their perspectives.
Significance: Understanding more about the experiences of people with a failed KT has been identified as a priority. There is so little research about what care patients need after a losing a transplanted kidney. Clearly, we need to know more about this from the perspective of patients so that we can improve care for them if their graft fails. Our study will get these perspectives and inform strategies to improve patient care.
Patients receive heart transplants as a life-saving measure after heart failure; thus, ensuring the success of the transplant is of utmost importance. Rejection is one of the major causes for heart transplant failure, and consequently, patients must take drugs that suppress the immune system to prevent rejection. However, these drugs are unspecific and cause serious side effects that can be life-threatening. New immunosuppressive drugs that can prevent transplant rejection while allowing normal immune function can greatly improve care and patient outcomes. One type of immune cells called regulatory T cells (Tregs) can effectively suppress the immune system in a highly specific manner. We believe these cells can be effective in preventing and treating acute rejection. Working toward such a goal, we first sought to understand how Tregs behave during rejection. We tracked Tregs by measuring 36 genes (Treg-associated genes) in the blood of heart transplant patients throughout the first year post-transplant. We found that Treg-associated genes were downregulated not only at the time of acute rejection diagnosis but also in all samples from patients who developed acute rejection. This finding suggests a clear difference in Treg response between stable patients and rejectors. Measuring Tregs in heart transplant patients may help predict patients at higher risk of developing acute rejection.
Background: Matching of kidney donors and recipients is an important predictor of outcomes following kidney transplantation. Studies have demonstrated weight pairing of donors and recipients (DR) to be particularly important for kidney graft outcomes. Recipients receiving organs from smaller donors have been shown to experience significantly worse outcomes than those receiving kidneys from weight-matched donors. With the rising rates of obesity amongst kidney transplants recipients, the impact of obesity in the setting of DR weight mismatch warrants investigation. We investigated the outcome of delayed graft function, defined as need for dialysis within the first 7 days following transplantation.
Methods: We used a large database to identify kidney transplant recipients. We grouped DR according to their weight mismatch at time of transplantation, which yielded the following 4 groups: weight mismatched DR by >30 kg and 10-30 kg (D>R; D<R). We separately grouped DR according to their obesity status, using a BMI cut point of 30 kg/m2 to identify obese vs. non-obese DR. We determined the likelihood of DGF for each of the DR weight mismatch groups compared to weight matched DR.
Results: A total of 255,480 transplant recipients were included; 18% developed DGF. DGF was highest in the 30 kg weight-mismatched groups (22.4% for D>R; 21.1% for D<R). In all DR obesity pairings, D<R by 30 kg was associated with the greatest risk of DGF versus no weight difference.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the risk of DGF is highest in the setting where recipients are larger than their donors by 30 or more kg. This finding was observed irrespective of DR obesity status. This may be explained by more complicated surgery in the setting of larger recipient-to-donor size. This finding is supported by previous studies which have demonstrated DGF to be linked to more difficult and prolonged transplant surgery.
Measuring single kidney volume in ultrasound may be a useful surrogate biomarker for renal function, as the renogram requires scarce materials and high costs. Measuring volumes using ultrasound is a promising approach, but requires expertise to identify and measure. In this pilot study, we explored a machine learning approach to SKV estimation in 2D ultrasound cine clips in transplant and native kidneys. A machine learning algorithm was trained using 514 images that were annotated by the sonographers for the kidney capsule. A different set of 16 patients (32 cine clips, 16 volumes) were randomly selected. The sonographers measured the kidney lengths and widths in these cines. The trained algorithm processed the cines, and generated a prediction for the frame with maximum capsule area. It fit a bounding box to it, where the recentangle dimensions serve as the kidney dimensions. The annotators SKV measured was 220 ± 119 mL (95% CI: 162, 278), while the algorithm SKV measured was 224 ± 109 mL (95% CI: 171, 277) with no significant differences. The mean absolute difference was 4 mL while the mean relative difference was 6.7%. For comparison, a +0.1 cm error in each of the algorithm’s measured dimensions using the same volume equation would result in an absolute difference of 78 mL and a relative difference of 42%. There was no performance difference between native kidneys and transplanted kidneys. Manual measurements require 5 to 10 minutes, whereas the algorithm requires < 10 seconds. In this pilot study, an automatic algorithm to measure SKV from 2D ultrasound cines was demonstrated to be comparable to expert estimates of volume. Such a technique may permit for the automatic, rapid and reliable measurement of SKV using conventional standard 2D ultrasound imaging. Future work includes correlation against renogram functional tests and prospective validation of the technique.
Anna Horton holds an undergraduate degree in Social Anthropology fromEdinburgh University and an MSC in Family Medicine from McGill University. She is a qualitative researcher at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, where she applies her background in social sciences to research in transplant nephrology.
Rohit Singla is a MD/PhD student and Vanier Scholar at the University ofBritish Columbia (UBC). Supervised by Prof. Robert Rohling and Dr. Chris Nguan, I research intelligent ultrasound for chronic kidney disease and transplantation. I firmly believe in technology’s ability to improve the lives of patients and healthcare providers.
« My current research interests include ultrasound, artificial intelligence, chronic kidney disease, kidney transplantation and medical trainee education. »
Faisal Jarrar is currently finishing his final year of medical school at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Supervised by Dr. Amanda Vinson and Dr. Karthik Tennankore, his research with Kidney Research Institute Nova Scotia (KRINS) is focused on the interplay between donor and recipient obesity and various graft outcomes after renal transplantation. He plans on pursuing a residency in Internal Medicine and hopes to make research a central component of his future practice.
« I am a Registered Dietitian and currently in second year of a Master’s Program in Human Nutrition and Metabolism at the University of Alberta. My areas of interest include pediatric liver and gastrointestinal disorders. My main research focus is on how muscle wasting and alterations in body composition affects pre-and post-operative outcomes in children undergoing liver transplantation. I hope to develop nutrition and exercise rehabilitation strategies to improve outcomes and quality of life for these patients. »
Ji-Young Kim is a Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of British Columbia and the Prevention of Organ Failure Center of Excellence (PROOF). She has a PhD in Neuroscience from the University of Arizona and has expertise in data science and molecular biology. At the PROOF Centre, Ji-Young co-leads the clinical validation trial of HEARTBiT assay, which a blood-based diagnostic test for exclusionary diagnosis of acute cellular rejection in heart transplant patients. Her postdoctoral research focuses on understanding what constitutes an optimal immune suppression following transplantation and translation of these discoveries to biomarkers that can improve transplant care.
Marie-Hélène Normand is currently 11 months into a Master’s Program in Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Montreal. She holds an undergraduate degree in Molecular and Cellular Biology from the University of Sherbrooke. Supervised by Dr. Mélanie Dieudé, her research focuses on characterizing the impact of vascular injury triggered autoimmune responses on the development of lupus nephritis and end stage renal failure (ESRF). With this research she aims to identify biomarkers and new intervention targets to develop tests and therapies that will help monitor and treat patients with lupus nephritis to prevent ESRF and the need for transplantation.
Marie-Josée Hébert earned a specialized degree in nephrology at the Université de Montréal, followed by postdoctoral studies at Harvard. Dr. Hébert is a researcher and nephrologist-transplant physician at CHUM, professor in the faculty of medicine and co-holds the Shire Chair in Renal Transplantation and Regeneration. She is also co-director of the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP) and founder of numerous interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral research groups.
Her laboratory focuses on the role of programmed cell death as a major pathway contributing to immune dysregulation, rejection and abnormal vascular repair. Findings from her team have led to the characterization of new mediators of rejection and renal failure in humans. They also contributed to a better understanding of the mechanisms of fibrogenesis triggered by endothelial injury, autophagy and apoptosis. Fellow in the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences, Marie-Josée Hébert received the Dr. John B. Dossetor Research Award (2015) and the Medal for Research Excellence (2016) from the Kidney Foundation of Canada. In 2017, she was named scientist of the year by the newspaper La Presse.
As vice-rector of research, discovery, creation and innovation at the Université de Montréal since 2015, she has played a leading role in the development of major interdisciplinary research initiatives, including the launch of IVADO – Institute for Data Valorization, Mila – Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute, the Digital Health Consortium and the Montreal Declaration for the Responsible Development of Artificial Intelligence.
Dr. Patricia Gongal is the CDTRP Executive Director. She completed her PhD in Molecular Biology and Genetics from the University of Alberta in 2009, and a postdoctoral fellowship in developmental biology at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in France. She has worked in a variety of roles supporting researchers and research programs, including as an independent scientific writing consultant, as a Research Development Officer at Aberystwyth University, UK, and as Director of Major Grants at the University of Alberta’s Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, where she developed, implemented and managed the strategy for large-scale research funding initiatives.
Dr. Lorraine Hamiwka is an Associate Professor at the University of Calgary,Cumming School of Medicine and a Pediatric Nephrologist at the Alberta Children’s Hospital. She is the Past-Chair of the Pediatric Group of the Canadian Society of Transplantation. She is the Director of the Pediatric Kidney Transplant Program at the Alberta Children’s Hospital and leads the “Young Adult Kidney Transplant Clinic” in Calgary designed to improve young adult kidney transplant recipients’ healthcare experience. Her research interests in pediatric transplantation include quality of life and long-term outcomes. Dr. Hamiwka is currently involved and supports several national multicenter transplant research projects as well as many national initiatives.
Dr. Amy Waterman
Amy Waterman is the Division Chief for Patient Engagement and Diversity for the Center for Outcomes Research at the Houston Methodist Research Institute, the Director of Patient Engagement, Equity, and Education for the Department of Surgery at Houston Methodist Hospital, and an Affiliate Faculty Member of the Terasaki Research Institute. Dr. Waterman’s research examines how best to expand access to transplant, reduce racial disparities in transplant, ensure informed decision-making, ensure transplant adherence, promote paired donation, and increase living donation rates. Her research incorporates many components of clinical and translational research, including patient-oriented research, clinical trials, behavioral studies, development of new educational technologies, cost-effectiveness analyses, outcomes and health services research and implementation of best practices. Dr. Waterman collaborates with and mentors other researchers in nephrology, urology, health services research, economics, public health and nursing with expertise and interest in transplantation or education research. Her research has been supported by more than $25 million in federal grants and she has published more than 80 research articles and book chapters. Dr. Waterman also designs and tests the efficacy of new patient and living donor educational resources, including brochures, videos, mobile applications, social media interventions, and provider-based educational interventions in order to motivate kidney patients to receive transplants and living donors to donate. In 2009 she founded the non-profit suite of educational programs and trainings called Explore Transplant and Explore Living Donation, which enable transplant and living donation education to reach more individuals.
Dr. LaShara Davis
Dr. LaShara Davis is a Scientist in the Patient Engagement, Diversity, and Education Division representing both J.C. Walter Transplant Center at Houston Methodist Hospital and the Center for Outcomes Research at the Houston Methodist Research Institute. She is committed to research on patient-centered care, health message and education development and reducing racial and ethnic health disparities through communication.
Over the last 17 years, she has been engaged in research exploring the many facets of deceased and living donation. She uses a mixed methods approach that employs research tools including surveys, questionnaires, interviews and focus group methodologies to gather the patient perspective to inform health education and message design. She has worked at all levels of campaign development including formative stakeholder interviews and campaign material design. She previously worked as an Assistant Professor of Communication in Health and Faculty Liaison for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion at DeSales University where she helped to launch campus-wide diversity initiatives and programs. She has also worked at RWJ Barnabas Health (formerly Saint Barnabas Medical Center) in the Renal and Pancreas Transplant Department as a Senior Researcher where she conducted research on educational strategies to reduce racial and ethnic health disparities in pursuit of transplant and explored methods to improve the design of the transplant center’s standard patient education.
After 5 years in an exclusively teaching role, she is excited about returning to research full time with a renewed focus on engaging in community-based participatory research design, patient engagement, and patient-centered education development.
Mary Beaucage’s bio
Mary Beaucage is Anishnaabe, from Nipissing First Nation, near North Bay Ontario. She spent her career working in Retail Management, honing her skills in hiring, coaching , and succession planning, as well as opening new stores, analyzing markets and business needs. She is a vulnerable and engaging storyteller who trusts you with her story.
Mary has type 2 diabetes and was diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease in 2013, for which she received dialysis. In March 2015, Mary received a kidney from her cousin Janice, who lives in Manitoba.
She is patient lead with CDTRP’s Theme 1 research. Mary co-chairs the Can-SOLVE CKD Network’s Patient Governance Circle and Indigenous Peoples Engagement Research Council. She holds leadership and board positions with several health based organizations. Mary has been a keynote speaker, panel member and presenter at provincial, national and international nephrology conferences. Mary is interested in educating and advocating in matters of Indigenous health, patient partnership, chronic kidney disease research, as well as organ donation and transplantation.
Tim Ramsay
Dr. Tim Ramsay has a PhD in biostatistics and is a Senior Scientist with the Clinical Epidemiology Program of the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, as well as an Associate Professor with the University of Ottawa’s School of Epidemiology and Public Health. He is Scientific Director of the Ottawa Methods Centre, a group of statisticians, information technology specialists, epidemiologists, and health-care economists that supports clinical research at The Ottawa Hospital and across Ontario through the CIHR-funded Strategy for Patient Oriented Research (SPOR). Dr. Ramsay has authored over 257 publications and has secured over $65 million in research funding as a PI and co-investigator.
Sarah Douglas
Sarah Douglas lives in Ottawa and works as a Policy Analyst for Health Canada. For the past four years, Sarah has been providing Secretariat support to the Organ Donation and Transplantation Collaborative, working closely with the governance committees as well as the Patient/Advocate Advisory Committee.
Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze’s bio
Dr. Sapir-Pichhadze is a Clinician Scientist at the McGill University Health Centre and Associate Professor, Division of Nephrology and Multi-Organ Transplant Program at McGill University in Montreal. She completed subspecialty training in nephrology and kidney transplantation at the University of Toronto, and also completed the Eliot Phillipson Clinician Scientist Program and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada Clinician Investigator Program, where she undertook a Ph.D. in clinical epidemiology and health care research. Her doctoral studies focused on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of antibody-mediated injury secondary to the production of anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies in kidney transplant recipients and candidates.
Caigan Du’s bio
Dr. Caigan Du is a scientist at the Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute and an assistant professor in the Department of Urologic Sciences at the University of British Columbia. He received a Ph.D. degree in Biochemistry in UK and postdoctoral training in Immunology in USA. He is interested in the pathogenesis of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury and transplant rejection, and molecular control of urinary malignancies. He has been studying the impact of kidney donor-derived factors on renal allograft rejection, and the molecular pathways of kidney injury and regeneration in experimental models. He is also interested in developing medical solution including drugs made from natural compounds for all kinds of health problems, including immune disorders, organ preservation, kidney failure and urinary cancer. He is the PI of many grant supports from the Kidney Foundation of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Mamatha Bhat’s bio
Mamatha Bhat is a scientist in the Ajmera Transplant Centre at the UniversityHealth Network and Assistant Professor at University of Toronto’s Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology. She completed her medical school and residency training at McGill University, followed by a Transplant Hepatology fellowship at Mayo Clinic and PhD in Medical Biophysics through a CIHR Fellowship for Health professionals.
Michael Khoury’s bio
Michael Khoury is a pediatric cardiologist and Assistant Professor at the Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta. He completed his pediatric residency at the University of Toronto and pediatric cardiology fellowship at the University of Toronto and Alberta. He underwent subspecialty fellowships in Pediatric Preventive Cardiology at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation at CCHMC and University of Alberta. He is a co-lead of the Kawasaki Disease/MIS-C clinic at the University of Alberta and his research interests focus in cardiac rehabilitation, cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy, lipid disorders, and hypertension.
James Lan’s bio
Dr. Lan is an Assistant Professor jointly appointed to the UBC Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology. He is the Medical Director of the HLA Laboratory in Vancouver, and a transplant nephrologist at the Vancouver General Hospital. Dr. Lan is the recipient of a Michael Smith Scholar award, holding multiple research grants which support the development and application of new technologies to improve donor-recipient HLA compatibility. A major focus of his current research funded by the Kidney Foundation of Canada aims to innovate new solutions for highly sensitized patients on the kidney waiting list.
Carrie Thibodeau’s bio
Carrie Thibodeau has served as one of the project leads for the Improving Engagement and Empowering Patients on their Transplant Journey project. Her educational background is in the fields of applied health sciences and communications, and the focus of her professional career has been on kidney health. She has worked closely with both patients and medical professionals for many years, and she has collaborated on multiple projects with the Kidney Foundation of Canada. This project has been an opportunity to be part of a team responsible for ensuring that patients’ lived experiences are central to the decisions being made about how best to manage organ donation and transplantation in Canada.
Kristi Coldwell’s bio
Kristi Coldwell is the Senior Advisor for Transplant Research Advocacy at the Transplant Research Foundation of BC. Having undergone a heart transplant as a teenager due to congenital heart disease, Kristi is acutely aware of the role research plays in improving outcomes and enhancing quality of life. She believes Patient and Family Partners have an important role in shaping and informing research to ensure it is meaningful and accountable to all stakeholders. She also serves as the co-chair for the Patient Advocate Advisory Committee of the Organ Donation and Transplant (ODT) Collaborative, a Health Canada initiative that brings together key stakeholders in Canada’s ODT system.
Holly Mansell’s bio
Holly Mansell is an Associate Professor in the College of Pharmacy and Nutrition at the University of Saskatchewan and a clinical pharmacist who specializes in transplantation. She completed her pharmacy training at the University of Saskatchewan and University of Washington, and her PhD in Health Sciences through the College of Medicine at the University of Saskatchewan. Holly has a broad range of research interests which include solid organ transplantation, cannabis and youth, patient education, patient-oriented research, and issues related to pharmacy practice. She has been the Primary Investigator on a variety of studies, ranging from randomized controlled trials and interventional drug studies to qualitative research.
Maria J. Santana’s bio
Dr. Maria J. Santana is a health services researcher, patient and family-centred care scientist, an Associate Professor in the departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences at the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary.
Dr. Santana has received training in clinical pharmacy (BPharm, MPharm, London School of Pharmacy, UK, Universidad La Laguna, Spain), public health and clinical epidemiology (PhD, University of Alberta, Canada). Her research focuses in developing novel methods to integrate the voice of patients and family caregivers in health care and health service research to improve health and health care. The methods advance person-centred care and patient-oriented research.
She is the provincial lead, Patient Engagement for the Alberta Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research. She is the academic leader of the Patient and Community Engagement in Research (PaCER).
Murdoch Leeies’ bio
Dr. Leeies is an organ donation, critical care medicine and emergency medicine specialist physician based in Manitoba. Trained as a clinician investigator, he serves as the Director of Research for the Department of Emergency Medicine at the University of Manitoba.
Dr. Leeies leads a collaborative program of research with a focus on promoting health equity in organ and tissue donation and transplantation. This intersectional research program pairs with his clinical work as an organ donation specialist physician with the Transplant Manitoba Gift of Life program. Dr. Leeies extends his commitment to the principles of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) through academic and clinical service as the Director of EDI nationally for the Canadian Critical Care Society, and the Chair and Co-Chair (respectively) of the EDI committees for Critical Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine in Manitoba.
Dr. Leeies was recently awarded the Preparing for Research by Engaging Public and Patient Partners (PREPPP) Award from the University of Manitoba Centre for Healthcare Innovation in support of the development of a 2SLGBTQIA+ Patient & Public Advisory Team which will partner in the development of patient-centered research that explores the inequities that 2SLGBTQIA+ persons face in the Canadian organ and tissue donation and transplantation system. Through this work Dr. Leeies hopes to generate knowledge that can inform the reformation of structural and systemic elements of the health system that uphold these inequities.
Joanna Mitchell’s bio
Joanna Mitchell is the mother to 16-year-old Ryley who received a heart transplant at 7 months of age. Soon after Ryley’s transplant, the Mitchell Family became involved as volunteers with the Trillium Gift of Life Network to encourage others to consider organ donation by sharing Ryley’s story. Joanna and Ryley were presented with the TGLN Board of Directors Champion Award in 2017 for their contribution to raising awareness for organ donation.
When Ryley was 5, she participated in her first Canadian Transplant Games and the family became involved with the Canadian Transplant Association. With the CTA, Joanna has helped to organize various events to promote both organ donation and healthy active living after transplantation. Joanna has also worked as a parent liaison to bring a pediatric and family perspective to the transplant games. She encourages connections of transplant families by facilitating various social media groups and informal mentorship.
Joanna became a patient caregiver partner with Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program more recently with a focus on projects related to pediatrics and the mental health of not only the transplant patient but the family as a whole.
Davina Banner’s bio
Dr. Davina Banner is an Associate Professor at the University of Northern British Columbia. Davina leads an interdisciplinary program of research that is focused on cardiovascular and rural health, along with research that advances the science and practice of integrated knowledge translation and patient-oriented research. Through her research, Davina seeks to improve the health of Canadians living with complex health conditions, along with studying methods and practices that support meaningful co-production in research.
Leonard Hodder’s bio
Leonard Hodder lives in Brampton, Ontario and works as a Project Manager for his family business. Len is a non-directed living liver and kidney donor, and enjoys volunteering with various organizations, including the CDTRP, UHN’s Centre for Living Organ Donation, the Transplant Ambassador Program, and in the lung transplant physiotherapy room at Toronto General Hospital.
Rienk de Vries’ bio
Rienk de Vries lives in Oakville and runs a consulting firm that has provided services in the water industry for more than 15 years in Canada, the US and the Caribbean. Rienk has been a patient researcher and Patient, Family and Donor (PFD) representative on CDTRP Theme 5: Restoring Long-Term Health for a little more than a year. He had a heart transplant in December 2012 and has been involved in a number of transplantation related research projects over the past 10 years.
Linnea Franson’s bio
Alicia Murdoch’s bio
Alicia is a certified Clinical Research Professional (ACRP-CP) with over 12years of clinical research experience. Prior to joining Can-SOLVE CKD, she worked as a research coordinator, review manager at a Research Ethics Board (REB) and ethics and regulatory coordinator. Her past employment experiences have given her a wide breadth of knowledge about the research process. In her current role as a Can-SOLVE CKD Network project manager, she is responsible for the Canadian Nephrology Trials Network and Can-SOLVE CKD Network Pediatric Committee, helping these core infrastructures move their initiatives and ideas forward in the pursuit of improving the lives of those affected by chronic kidney disease.
Lynne Feehan’s bio
Lynne Feehan, PhD, is a health researcher and the Knowledge Translation Lead at the BC SUPPORT Unit, whose passion is supporting patient-partners and health researchers to learn how to collaborate and do meaningful partner engagement across health research. She is also a physiotherapist with many years working in the health system. Her lived experience as a researcher and clinician have helped Lynne learn how to navigate the opportunities and challenges when doing, or using findings from, health research in health care and service delivery settings.
Larry Mróz’s bio
Larry Mróz, PhD, is a Patient Engagement Coordinator with the BC SUPPORT Unit. In this role he helps health researchers in BC to work with non-researchers, including patients, who want to understand what health research is being done, why the research may be important and how they might contribute to making research more relevant. Larry is also a health researcher. His health research has focused on understanding how people experience living with various health conditions and how their experiences may affect their health behaviours.
Aggie Black’s bio
Agnes (Aggie) Black is the Director, Health Services & Clinical Research andKnowledge Translation at Providence Health Care. Working closely with Patient Family Partner advisors, Aggie supports clinicians in research projects, including leading the Practice-based Research Challenge. Aggie completed her nursing degree at the University of Washington, Seattle, and her Master of Public Health at Simon Fraser University. She is an adjunct professor at the UBC School of Nursing and Research Associate, Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences (CHEOS).
Heather Badenoch’s bio
Heather Badenoch is a non-directed living liver donor and communications strategist. As the president of Village PR, she provides strategic communications direction and training to not-for-profit clients in community and health. An active transplant volunteer, Heather helps transplant candidates find living donors by running their public appeals, small and large, pro-bono. She also mentors potential living donors on the path to living donation. Heather is a volunteer with the UHN Centre for Living Organ Donation and the Canadian Donation and Transplant Research Program. She and her spouse adopt rescue dogs and volunteer together with Community Veterinary Outreach, a group providing free veterinary care to the pets of people who are homeless.
Sylvain Bédard’s bio
Sylvain Bédard, first heard the word transplantation in 1980 when he was diagnosed with HCM (hypertrophic cardiomeapathy), a heart disease that had just killed his 18-year-old sister. Sylvain will have to struggle for 20 years before he gets the gift of life.
Heart transplant recipient in 2000, he then climbed up Mont-Blanc (4800m) in 2003. In December 2004, he became the first heart transplant recipient in the history to climb over 6000m in Bolivia, Sajama Mountain at 6500m. He spoke and publish his journey at the International Society of Heart and lung transplant, Canadian Cardiology Society, Canadian association of cardiac Rehab… to name just Sylvain medical adventure as a patient includes arrhythmia, 3 times peace-defibrillator implant, embolism, major disc and many other health problems… But always with a smile!
Sean Delaney’s bio
Sean Delaney is based in Edmonton, Alberta and has worked as a senior health policy and management professional in the OTDT ecosystem for the past 20 years. His career spans work in hospitals, health regions, provincial government and nationally with Canadian Blood Services for 16 years. Most recently, Sean has joined the Alberta Transplant Institute (ATI) as a leader where he supports researchers and decision makers in driving innovation in Alberta to benefit the care for patients, families/caregivers, and donors.He is also a lifelong kidney patient and 2-time kidney transplant recipient, receiving his most recent transplant from a generous living donor in October 2020.
Teresa Atkinson’s bio
Teresa has the privilege to work, live and play within the ancestral, traditional and unceded territory of the Syilx Okanagan Nation. She has lived with kidney disease for 35 years and have spent more time on dialysis than living with a successful transplant. After a 17 year wait on dialysis, she was lucky enough to receive her 3rd miracle transplant from the highly sensitized list.
As a person with a lifetime of lived experience with a chronic disease, Teresa is a passionate advocate for empowering others and building community. She has 25 years of volunteer experience with various kidney related heath charities; raising public awareness, peer engagement, promoting organ donation, strategic planning, and governance. She loves connecting people within the Kidney Community and helping them along their kidney journey.
« Research has become an exciting area where I can make a difference for patients and clinicians by sharing my patient journey and insights. My recent engagements with various research projects have been some of the most satisfying work I’ve done. »
Marc Bains’ bio
Marc Bains is the Co-Founder and Vice President of HeartLife Foundation, a patient-driven charity whose mission is to transform the quality of life for people living with heart failure by engaging, educating, and empowering a global community to create lasting solutions and build healthier lives. Marc has been actively engaged in a wide range of health research, including co-leading studies exploring patient-oriented research methods and practices.
Patient-oriented knowledge mobilizations: Shifting the dial
on knowledge creation and translation
This presentation will reflect upon the findings of two research studies exploring research partnerships within health research networks. We will draw upon the data collected from diverse stakeholders engaged in 10 Canadian research networks, identifying how perspectives of knowledge are shifting and how patients and family members are assuming increasingly important roles in the development and implementation of research. We will highlight opportunities for patient-oriented knowledge mobilization and the critical role of patients and the public in fostering research with local and global reach.
Javairia Rahim’s bio
Javairia Rahim is a MSc candidate in Dr. Jonathan Choy’s Lab at Simon Fraser University studying the role of Cell Surface Engineering in the prevention of transplant rejection. She has been a CDTRP member since Summer 2021 and is also a member of the Society of Women in Science and Technology (SCWIST).
Paraag Trivedi’s bio
Paraag Trivedi has been passionate about serving his community since a young age, being involved in organizations such as the Kids Help Phone Student Ambassador program and the Saskatchewan Elocution and Debate Association. After a shocking diagnosis of kidney failure, he received a kidney transplant at the age of 15 from his father. Once healed, he wanted to try and continue service to his community as best he could, and, in 2012 was accepted in the University of Saskatchewan College of Pharmacy, where he was fortunate enough to contribute to a patient education project for patients in renal failure and those receiving transplants. In his time at the U of S, he continued to serve as the Finance Officer for the Canadian Association of Pharmacy Students and Interns. Graduating in 2016, he entered community practice, while also contributing to research projects, mentoring and teaching pharmacy students, acting as a guest speaker for the patient experience of the journey of a kidney transplant patient, as well as regular continuing education presentations for healthcare workers. Paraag also has made it a point to speak with patients in his area, such as presenting to retirement homes, assisted living facilities and seniors groups about various health topics, and also currently sits on the Board of Directors for the Pharmacy Association of Saskatchewan. For his dedication, impact and commitment to the profession, Paraag was awarded the “New Horizons Award” by the Pharmacy Association of Saskatchewan in 2021.
Terry Steeves-Gurnsey’s bio
Terry Steeves-Gurnsey received her Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry from the University of Saskatchewan in 1974 and became a Certified Virology Technologist from the Royal University Hospital in 1976. She received a kidney transplant in 2004 at St. Paul’s Hospital. She continued to work until 2018, when she retired from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
Nicola Rosaasen’s bio
Nicola meandered through the Biology Department at the University of Saskatchewan until entering the College of Pharmacy – with a lifelong love of all things biologically quirky. After graduation in 1992, she completed a pharmacy residency and was hired as a staff pharmacist at St, Paul’s in Saskatoon. In 2002, she was offered a position at the Saskatchewan Transplant Program. At Transplant, Nicola found a professional home – a place of ongoing learning and research but best of all a place that encouraged the development of long term relationships with so many wonderful patients. She has been honoured with a number of professional awards over the years, including Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists (Sask Branch) 2018 Pharmacist of the Year. She is grateful for the recognition by her peers, but most honored by the willingness of her patients to give of themselves – their time and their stories to the many research and educational projects over the years.
Sean Dicks
Sean Dicks is a clinical psychologist who has 20 years’ experience supporting both families of organ donors and transplant recipients. While it is rare for him to have contact with a donor family and recipient linked to the same organ donation-transplantation event, his contact with families who have lived experience with organ donation on the one hand, and patients who have received transplants on the other hand has provided opportunities to explore how their journeys become linked when they attempt to make sense of and find meaning in their respective crises.
Sean has recently completed his PhD at the University of Canberra, Australia. His study explored the bereavement experiences of families of potential organ donors. In preparation for the empirical component of his research, he completed several systematic literature reviews which each explore aspects of the experiences of families of organ donors, transplant recipients, and healthcare professionals.
One of those reviews sought to understand the relationship that develops between families of organ donors and transplant recipients. Drawing on literature from both sides of this relationship, a number of interesting observations were made. His presentation will focus on these observations, his experiences supporting families of organ donors and transplant recipients, and the findings of recent international studies that have explored the relationship and needs of the parties involved.
Shaifali Sandal
Shaifali Sandal is a Transplant Nephrologist, an Associate Professor at theMcGill University Health Center, and an Investigator at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre. She received her post-graduate training at the SUNY Upstate Medical University and the University of Rochester followed by a Transplant Nephrology fellowship at the McGill University Health Center and a research fellowship at the Johns Hopkins Medical Center. Her clinical and research interests are to improve rates of and access to living donor kidney transplantation and re-transplantation using health system approaches. She has over 30 peer-reviewed publications and has received a Clinical Faculty Development Research Grant from the American Society of Transplantation, a Kidney Health Research Grant from the Kidney Foundation of Canada, and a Research Innovation Grant from The Canadian Donation and Transplant Research Program to support this work.
Karthik Tennankore
Dr. Tennankore is a nephrologist and associate professor of medicine. His clinical expertise includes chronic kidney disease and home dialysis modalities (home hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis). In addition to resident clinical education, he has an interest in research methodology and runs the research rotation for nephrology trainees.
Dr. Tennankore is interested in studying and improving outcomes of patients after initiation of dialysis and transplantation, and he is a part of national and international research initiatives in home hemodialysis. He is involved in clinical trials and conducts a number of prospective cohort studies in nephrology.
Puneeta Tandon
Dr. Tandon is an Associate Professor of Medicine, Co-Director of the Cirrhosis Care Clinic, Transplant Hepatologist and lead of the Cirrhosis Care Alberta quality improvement program. She obtained her training at the University of Alberta, the Hospital Clinic in Barcelona and Yale University. Her clinical practice and research are focused on cirrhosis with research interests including cirrhosis related complications, malnutrition, frailty, exercise therapy, palliative care, integrative health approaches such as meditation and knowledge translation. It is her career goal to provide wholistic, interdisciplinary, evidence based, patient-centered care through education, empowerment, engagement and team-work.
Susan Q. McKenzie
Susan is an experienced communications and fundraising professional who has worked to advance a number of charities across Canada. In 2010, after a year on dialysis, she received a new kidney from her husband’s sister. The fear and isolation of that experience planted the first seeds in her mind that much more needed to be done to help others with kidney disease. Two of Susan’s three daughters have also been diagnosed with a rare genetic mutation (MUC1) which ultimately leads to kidney failure.
When Susan’s middle daughter needed a kidney transplant in 2017, helping her daughter try to navigate the healthcare system in search of a living donor, further underscored the critical role of patients and donors stepping up to help each other through this very difficult time. Not being a person to step away from a challenge, Susan began working with fellow patients, kidney donors, and researchers to establish the Transplant Ambassador Program (TAP), a volunteer driven, peer support program which has been helping kidney patients and donors navigate the transplant journey since 2017.
Today, TAP has over 150 Ambassadors, and has been launched in all 27 renal centres in Ontario. TAP recently launched additional innovative features to support patients and living donors, including a new Ambassador Directory, and a first-in-Canada service, Patients Seeking Donors, which allows patients to post a profile on a safe and secure website to help them in their search for a living donor.
Francis Migneault
Francis Migneault is a research associate in the Nephrology, Transplantation and Renal Regeneration Research Unit at the CHUM Research Centre in Montreal. He is also the Education and Training platform co-lead of the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP). He completed his undergraduate degree in biochemistry at the University of Sherbrooke. He obtained his Ph.D. in Biomedical Sciences from the University of Montreal in the Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Lung Research Unit at the Clinical Research Institute of Montreal (IRCM). He then pursued his postdoctoral studies by investigating the importance of paracrine mediators, particularly extracellular vesicles, released by apoptotic endothelial cells on blood vessel function in the context of transplantation. In addition, he is investigating the potential of these vesicles as biomarkers of vascular rejection in kidney transplant patients. When not in the lab, Francis’ main interests are woodworking and the joys of the great boreal forest.
Dawn Richards
Dawn Richards, PhD, is the founder of Five02 Labs Inc., and Director of Patient and Public Engagement at Clinical Trials Ontario. With a PhD (Analytical Chemistry) from the University of Alberta, and experience in a variety of roles during the past 20 years, it is her diagnosis with rheumatoid arthritis fifteen years ago that started her journey to combine her passion for science with making the most of her diagnosis. In her role at CTO, Dawn is charged with executing on CTO’s strategic pillar of patient and public engagement.
As a patient, Dawn is Vice President of the Canadian Arthritis Patient Alliance, a Research Ambassador for the Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis (of the Canadian Institutes for Health Research), and was a member of The BMJ’s Patient Advisory Panel and the first Patient Advisor of the Canadian Medical Association’s Wait Time Alliance. She advocates for disease awareness, access to treatment and research options, and including patients as partners on research teams and in decision-making.
Amina Silva
Amina Silva is a registered nurse and is in the last year of her PhD at Queen’s University. Her clinical background is focused on end-of-life care, kidney transplantation and eye donation processes. Her research program is focused on organ donation processes, end-of-life and survivorship care and simulation-based educational strategies. Amina is also a research coordinator for the BRiC program (Studying Burnout and Compassion Fatigue among OTDCs in Canada), a research assistant at Queen’s University, and a simulation facilitator at University of Ottawa.
Quality Improvement Tools to Manage Deceased Organ Donation Processes: A Scoping Review
Deceased organ donation is a highly complex and multi-phased process, which makes it prone to adverse events and errors. Appropriate quality improvement tools should be used to ensure proper flow and safety throughout the donation process. We conducted a scoping review to map the existing evidence on the use of quality improvement tools to manage deceased organ donation process. A total of 40 references were included and the tools identified included checklists, algorithms, flowcharts, charts, pathways, decision tree maps and mobile apps. These tools were applied in the following phases of the organ donation process: (1) potential donor identification; (2) donor referral; (3) death determination; (4) potential donor assessment; (5) donor management; (6) donor risk assessment; (7) withdrawal of life sustaining measures; (8) organ retrieval; and (9) overall organ donation process. By mapping existing tools, we aim to facilitate both clinician choices among available tools, as well as research work building on existing knowledge.
Linda Hunter
Linda is a retired executive health care leader and nurse who has worked locally, nationally, and internationally in healthcare over the last 35 years. She has spinal stenosis, osteoarthritis, and severe degenerative disc disease and has lived with chronic pain for over 10 years. Linda is a CIHR Patient Engagement Research Ambassador for the Institute of Musculoskeletal Health and Arthritis and is a member of the Institute’s Advisory Board. Linda states: “It is vital that the patient voice is respected, listened to, and incorporated into change in the delivery of health care services, including research. Patients are experts about their disease and the lived experience. They are becoming more informed and knowledgeable, and it is imperative that they are included in the development of plans of what is researched.”
Jennifer Woolfsmith’s bio
Marat Slessarev’s bio
Dr. Marat Slessarev BSc MSc MD PhD FRCPC is a clinician-scientist and an adult intensivist based at Western University in London, Canada. Dr. Slessarev was born and raised in Almaty, Kazakhstan, completed middle and high school in London, UK, and moved to Canada in 2000 for university studies. Dr. Slessarev completed an undergraduate degree in physiology, MSc in cardiopulmonary physiology under the supervision of Dr. Joseph A Fisher, MD degree and Internal Medicine residency, all at the University of Toronto. He then moved to London Ontario, where he completed his training in Adult Critical Care Medicine, followed by a Clinical Scholar Program and a PhD in Medical Biophysics under the supervision of Drs Christopher Ellis and Christopher McIntyre. He joined Western faculty in 2017 as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine, and does his clinical work at the London Health Sciences Centre. His research is focused on sedation, neurophysiology and cognition in critical illness. Dr. Slessarev is a co-lead of the CDTRP endorsed Neurologic Physiology after Removal of Therapy (NeuPaRT) program of research that is funded by CIHR and New Frontiers in Research Fund. He is also a Hospital Donation Physician and a Regional Medical Lead with Trillium Gift of Life Network (Ontario Health), Ontario’s organ donation organization.
Dan Harvey’s bio
Maureen Meade’s bio
Blayne Amir Sayed’s bio
Dr. Sayed is a member of the Division of General & Thoracic Surgery at SickKids. He specializes in malignant and benign diseases of the liver and biliary tract. Dr. Sayed is dually certified in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery and abdominal organ transplantation with particular interests in minimally invasive liver surgery, living donor liver transplantation and complex liver surgery involving vascular and biliary reconstruction. Dr. Sayed is an Associate Scientist Track with a background in cellular immunology. He is building a lab focused on understanding the molecular machinery controlling the development of immunologic memory following solid organ transplantation.
Keir Forgie’s bio
Dr. Keir Forgie is a PGY5 surgical resident in the division of Cardiac Surgery at the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute and the University of Alberta. He is a PhD student in Experimental Surgery focused on Ex-Situ Lung Perfusion. His primary supervisor is Dr. Jayan Nagendran (MD/PhD) and his co-supervisor is Dr. Darren Freed (MD/PhD).
Jennifer Conway’s bio
Dr. Jennifer Conway is a Cardiologist at the Stollery and an Associate Professor at the University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. An experienced care provider, Dr. Conway has previously held appointments at the Hospital for Sick Children (in Toronto) and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital (in Charlotte, PEI). She is currently the Director of the Stollery Heart Function and Cardiomyopathy Program, a position she has held since 2018.
Dr. Conway is an internationally recognized expert in the field of heart failure, transplant, and ventricular assist devices. Her professional associations reflect this; she is an active member and holds leadership positions in the Advanced Cardiac Therapies Improving Outcomes Network (ACTION) whose goal is to improve the outcomes of children with heart failure and who require ventricular assist devices; she is a member of the American Heart Associations Young Hearts, heart failure committee; she is the former President of the Pediatric Heart Transplant Society and the pediatric representative for the Canadian Cardiac Transplant Network. She has also played a key role in establishing Stollery’s Pediatric Home Milrinone Program, which enables children (who were previously confined to the hospital) to return to the comfort of their own homes while waiting for a transplant and has implemented the Western Canadian wide biweekly heart function rounds.
In addition to being a trained Cardiologist, Dr. Conway holds a master’s degree in Clinical Epidemiology from the University of Alberta. As a researcher, she has numerous publications and grants all focused on advanced heart failure therapies. She is currently on the editorial board of ASAIO journal, JACC-Heart Failure, and the Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation and serves as a manuscript reviewer for several prestigious publications.
Masataka Kawamura’s bio
Lauren Westhaver’s bio
Lauren Westhaver is a PhD Candidate in the Department of Pathology at Dalhousie University, under the supervision of Dr. Jeanette Boudreau. Her research focuses on the response of lymphocytes to endogenous signals of tissue damage, and the regulation of sterile inflammation.
Tania Janaudis-Ferreira’s bio
Dr. Tania Janaudis-Ferreira is an Associate Professor with the School of Physical and Occupational Therapy at McGill University and a Scientist with the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre.
The overall goal of Dr. Janaudis-Ferreira’s research program is is to optimize rehabilitation care in individuals with chronic disease to improve physical function, quality of life and morbidity. There are two main patient populations in which she is leading studies in rehabilitation: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and solid organ transplant (SOT) candidates and recipients. Within this main focus, her research program comprises two interrelated themes: 1) Improving uptake of rehabilitation by patients with COPD and 2) developing and evaluating new rehabilitation and physical activity interventions for SOT candidates and recipients.
Dr. Janaudis-Ferreira is a co-founder of the Canadian Network for Rehabilitation and Exercise for Solid Organ Transplant Optimal Recovery (CAN-RESTORE).
Dmitry Rozenberg’s bio
Caroline Tait’s bio
Dr. Caroline Tait is a medical anthropologist with particular research interests in Indigenous health and social justice. She earned her MA at the University of California (Berkeley), and her PhD at McGill University. Dr. Tait is a member of the Métis Nation-Saskatchewan and grew up in a small Métis community in central Saskatchewan. With Dr. Michael Moser, Dr. Tait established the Saskatchewan First Nation and Métis Organ Donation and Transplantation Network made up of Knowledge Keepers, persons with lived experience, researchers, physicians, and students. Dr. Tait has joined the Faculty of Social Work and the Cumming School of Medicine (Department of Community Health Sciences) at the University of Calgary in January 2023.
Richard (Robin) N. Pierson’s bio
Dr. Pierson holds the W. Gerald and Patricia Austen Chair in Cardiac Surgery and is the Scientific Director of the Center for Transplantation Sciences at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. He is a Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School, and visiting surgeon at MGH, where he participates clinically in thoracic transplantation and cardiac surgical intensive care. He is an established NIH-funded investigator in the areas of translational cardiac allograft tolerance induction and the immunobiology of lung, heart, kidney, and liver xenotransplantation, and author of over 175 peer-reviewed original scientific papers, review articles, and book chapters.
Dr. Pierson received his medical degree from the Columbia University, and trained at University of Michigan, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Papworth Hospital, Cambridgeshire, England, in affiliation with Cambridge University. He has served on the faculty at Vanderbilt University (1994-2002), University of Maryland (2002-2018), and Harvard University (2018-present).
Dr. Pierson is board certified in general and thoracic surgery, and is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He is a member of the American Surgical Association, American Association of Thoracic Surgeons, American Society of Transplant Surgeons, International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and Society of University Surgeons, among others. He is a past president of the International Xenotransplantation Association (2007-09), and current IXA Ethics Committee Chair. He co-chaired WHO’s 1st International Consultation on Regulatory Requirements for Xenotransplantation Clinical Trials, held in Changsha, PRC, and was raporteur for the Geneva follow-up meeting.
Daniel Luo’s bio
Haiming (Daniel) Luo is a final year PhD Candidate at the University of British Columbia under the supervision of Professor Jayachandran Kizhakkdathu. Daniel holds several competitive research awards including the NSERC PGS-D and NSERC Nanomat. Daniel has published on various polymeric biomaterials for therapeutic intervention with research teams at UBC and McMaster, the latter being where he completed his undergraduate degree in the lab of Professor Todd Hoare. Daniel is also the Chair of the Centre for Blood Research’s health and wellness committee.
Ibrahim Adam’s bio
Ibrahim developed a keen interest to become a biomedical scientist during his undergraduate study in Sudan. He obtained a BSc (honors) in Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Sudan. After my graduation, Ibrahim worked in different clinical laboratories in Sudan, including with an international medical organization, called Medecins Sans Frontieres/Doctors Without Borders.
Atul Humar’s bio
Sunita Mathur’s bio
Dr. Mathur is a physiotherapist and Associate Professor in the School of Rehabilitation Therapy at Queen’s University. Her research program focuses on the evaluation and rehabilitation of sarcopenia and skeletal muscle dysfunction in people with chronic disease. Dr. Mathur studies multiple patient populations including people with chronic lung diseases (such as COPD, interstitial lung disease and cystic fibrosis), solid organ transplantation, critical illness and intensive care acquired weakness.
Dr. Mathur conducts research in the Motor Performance Lab at Queen’s University. She uses a combination of non-invasive techniques to examine muscle structure and function including muscle force measurements (dynamometry), exercise testing, bioelectrical impedance analysis, magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/MRS), muscle ultrasound and computed tomography (CT).
Dr. Mathur also conducts research in knowledge translation with a specific focus on exercise and physical activity in solid organ transplant. She is the co-founder and co-Chair of CAN-RESTORE, a national network dedicated to achieving optimal well-being in transplant patients through exercise and rehabilitation.
Xiang Gao’s bio
Xiang Gao is currently entering his final year of undergraduate studies in data science at the University of Toronto and Vector Institute, where he is supervised by Prof. Rahul Krishnan. His research lies at the intersection of machine learning and healthcare. His goal is to build an in-depth understanding of over-parametrized models, construct reliable learning algorithms that generalize to out-of-distribution environments, and eventually create autonomous agents for clinical decision-making.
Leanne Stalker’s bio
Dr. Leanne Stalker is the National Director of Research at the KidneyFoundation of Canada, based in Ontario and holds both a degree in Molecular Biology and Genetics from the University of Guelph, and a PhD in Biochemistry and Biomedical Science from McMaster University. Leanne is a professional research scientist with a varied background in transplant, stem cells, epigenetics, reproductive biotechnologies, and a wide variety of biomedical platforms. Prior to joining the Kidney Foundation of Canada in January 2021, Leanne worked for the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program as a Research Manager building relationships with the transplant and donation communities. Leanne hails from a laboratory and research network management background, with proficiency acting as a facilitator between both academic and industry facing collaborations including multi-stakeholder and international projects, extensive program design experience, and familiarity with the granting process from peer review through to implementation and knowledge translation. Leanne has a long-standing interest in programs that integrate research science, clinical development and patient-facing programs and provides the support needed to engage, empower, and support the kidney research community, to fulfill the Kidney Foundation’s research strategies and, ultimately, improve outcomes for people with kidney disease.
Rafael Correa Rocha’s bio
Rafael holds a PhD in Medicine and Surgery from the Universidad Autónomaof Madrid and a PhD in Biology from the Universidad Complutense of Madrid, receiving in both cases the Extraordinary PhD Award. His research career has focused on the field of immuno-pediatrics with a clear translational approach.
Rafael is the Funding Chief of the Laboratory of Immune-regulation at the “Gregorio Marañón” Health Research Institute (IISGM) of Madrid (Spain). The research work of his group focuses on the study of immune homeostasis and the development of cell therapies to induce immune tolerance in the context of different diseases associated with immune hyperactivation. As a result of his research, the group has initiated a pioneering clinical trial to prevent rejection in transplanted children by means of a cell therapy with Treg obtained from the patient’s thymic tissue.
Rafael has obtained more than 25 national and international grants and is the author of more than 80 indexed publications including articles in journals such as New England Journal of Medicine, American Journal of Transplantation, Frontiers Immunology, etc.
More recently, Rafael founded in 2022 the biotechnology company THYTECH, whose objective is to make cutting-edge technology and research in immunology available to patients.
Shelby Gielen’s bio
Shelby Gielen is two times liver recipient, having received her first transplant at the age of 14 and her second transplant at the age of 27. Facing a third liver transplant has motivated Shelby to become a strong advocate for transplant recipients and their families. Throughout her youth and adult life Shelby has remained active in the transplant community as a mentor, a volunteer, and an athlete in the Canadian Transplant Games.
As a Patient Partner in research, Shelby is passionate about using her lived experience to infuse the patient perspective into the research process, leading to improved outcomes & practical solutions.
Alice Virani’s bio
Alice is the Executive Director, Clinical Ethics and Spiritual Care Services at the Provincial Health Services Authority (PHSA) and a Clinical Assistant Professor in the Department of Medical Genetics at UBC. Alice is a passionate advocate for equity based healthcare decisions and provision, with a strong emphasis on cultural safety, trauma informed practice and humility. In addition to her work at PHSA, Alice is passionate about the role of ethics at a national level and proudly serves on the Inter Agency Advisory Panel on Research Ethics, CIHR’s Ethics Committee, and the Public Health Ethics Consultative Group for the Public Health Agency of Canada.
Alice is also a respected and sought-after educator, researcher and is a skilled academic and collaborator with over 50 peer reviewed publications, and multiple research grants. Before moving into ethics, Alice was a genetic counselor in the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine at Columbia University Medical Center in New York. She has a masters in Human Sciences from Oxford University, a masters in Genetic Counseling from Sarah Lawrence College, a masters in Public Health from Columbia University, and a PhD in Genetics and Ethics from UBC. Alice is a clinical assistant professor in the Department of Medical Genetics at UBC.
Jordy Hermiston’s bio
Jordy is the Program Facilitator of Donor Family Services at BC Transplant where he is dedicated to supporting the families of organ donors following the death of their loved one.
Jordy is a registered social worker and prior to working with donor families in the community, he practiced in several Intensive Care Units and Emergency Departments in the Vancouver area. He has a masters in Social Work from the University of British Columbia.
Jordan Joseph Wadden’s bio
Jordan is the full-time Bioethicist and Ethics Department lead at Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences. He also facilitates a Regional Ethics Hub which consists of additional hospitals, rural health centres, children’s centres, and community mental health organizations in the Central East region of Ontario. His approach prioritizes the inclusion of patient and family voices and emphasizes the clinical decision-making benefits of being comfortably uncomfortable.
As a researcher and advocate, Jordan’s work focuses on equitable access to healthcare, disability advocacy, and the implementation of artificial intelligence and machine learning in hospitals. He is currently wrapping up a PhD at the University of British Columbia where he focused on the patient’s ability to consent and the clinician’s obligations when employing powerful artificial intelligence in diagnostics. He has a Masters in Philosophy from Toronto Metropolitan University (formerly Ryerson University).
Sarah Shalhoub’s bio
Coming soon.
Ranie Ahmed’s bio
Ranie Ahmed is a first year Master’s student at the University of Toronto. His research aims to explore inequities in access to living donor kidney transplantation among racialized communities.
Audrey L’Espérance’s bio
Audrey is an Assistant Professor in health and social services management at École nationale d’administration publique (ÉNAP) in Montréal. Audrey completed a PhD in political science at the University of Ottawa and a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Toronto. Her work focuses on patient and public partnership in the health ecosystem as well as the mobilization and integration of experiential knowledge and expertise in policy-making processes in the health sector. Over the years, she developed an expertise in program evaluation, public policy analysis and project management in various academic and public-health settings.
Catherine Butler’s bio
Catherine Butler, BA, BScN, MHA is the Director – Organ & Tissue Donation & Transplantation for Canadian Blood Services, where she is responsible for providing the overall vision, strategic planning, operational oversight, and expertise to a team of system specialists in the only pan Canadian organization with a mandate to function as the coordinating body for ODT in Canada. Included in her role is national accountability for an interprovincial organ sharing allocation registry and national organ waitlist. As a seasoned health care leader with over 20 years experience across the country in various sectors ranging from acute care to community, she is thrilled to be able to work in close collaboration and partnership with a variety of national and international stakeholders to continue to evolve the ODT system through transformational national initiatives that will improve system performance and outcomes for Canadians. Catherine currently resides in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Jed Gross’ bio
Jed Adam Gross is a member of the Bioethics Program at University Health Network (UHN) in Toronto, where his clinical practice supports the work of UHN’s Ajmera Transplant Centre. He also advises organizations engaged in transplant governance, including Trillium Gift of Life Network and CSA Group. A member of the Massachusetts bar, Mr. Gross practiced healthcare law at Ropes & Gray before completing a transplant ethics fellowship at the Cleveland Clinic. His scholarly publications bring comparative, historical, and legal insights to bear on the policy challenges associated with biomedical innovation.
Michael Cooper’s bio
Michael Cooper is a Ph.D. student studying Computer Science at theUniversity of Toronto, under the supervision of Rahul Krishnan and Michael Brudno. His research centers around applying methods from machine learning to problems in healthcare, and his current line of work leverages machine learning to improve organ allocation and pre-transplant outcomes in liver transplant patients. Prior to starting his Ph.D., Michael earned B.S. and M.S. degrees in Computer Science (Artificial Intelligence) from Stanford University.
Amal Trigui’s bio
Amal Trigui obtained her bachelor’s degree in medical biology in 2014 from the University of Sfax in Tunisia. In 2019, she obtained her master’s degree in research in health sciences from the Université de Sherbrooke. She is currently a doctoral student in nutrition at the Faculty of Medicine of the Université de Montréal. Her research project is taking place in the CHUM research center (CRCHUM), particularly in the Hepato-neuro laboratory where she is interested in malnutrition and sarcopenia before and after liver transplantation
Longitudinal evolution of nutritional risk and muscle function of patients waiting for liver transplantation and the effect of early nutritional intervention following the transplantation
Aisha Adil, Golnaz Karoubi, Siba Haykal
In patients living with cirrhosis and waiting for liver transplantation (LT), protein-energy malnutrition is the most common complication (> 80%). After LT, nutritional status can worsen rapidly leading to sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and function).
Objectives: 1) Assess longitudinal changes in nutritional risk, muscle function and quality of life in cirrhotic patients awaiting LT. 2) Evaluate the effect of early nutritional supplementation rich in protein, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) and energy, after LT, on muscle mass and function, nutritional risk and quality of life.
Method: A randomized controlled pilot study is conducted including 30 patients going through LT. Muscle mass (CT scan), muscle function (chair stand test), nutritional risk (liver disease undernutrition screening tool) and quality of life (SF-36) are assessed every 3 months before LT, immediately after discharge from hospital and 12 weeks post-LT. At LT, participants are randomized in: (1) intervention group (n=15) receiving standard nutritional care as well as supplements rich in protein, HMB and energy for 12 weeks and (2) control group (n=15) receiving standard nutritional care.
Results: Currently, 26 patients awaiting LT are included. One participant was transplanted. The mean age is 51.3 ± 12.9 years. The most common etiology is alcohol (33 %). 84 % of patients are at risk of malnutrition which remain unchanged within up to one year on the waitlist. Muscle function is impaired (18.1 ± 11.0 s vs. 12.6 s in healthy patients; p < 0,001) and decreased with time on waitlist. Regarding quality of life, the score of physical heath (41.8% ± 18.6) and mental health (52.1% ± 25) are below normal. The quality of life tended to decrease over time before LT.
Conclusion: The majority of patients waiting for a LT are at risk of malnutrition, display altered muscle function, and a tendency of decreased quality of life. These preliminary data support the need for early nutritional support after LT.
Chloe Wong-Mersereau’s bio
Chloe Wong-Mersereau recently completed her master’s in social cultural Anthropology at the University of Toronto. Her research interests includes crisis-narratives, aging diaspora communities as well as the sensorial and embodied experience of marginalized peoples navigating medical spaces. During the pandemic, she has worked with the Canadian Red Cross in long term care homes, COVID-testing clinics, homeless shelters, and on the housing crisis project in Montreal. This involvement has led to the development of her interest in understanding people’s lived experience navigating medical institutions through community and arts-based approaches. Now she currently works as a graduate research assistant on the Frictions of Futurity team led by Dr. Suze Berkhout and Dr. Kelly Fritsch. She is leading a discourse analysis of public facing materials in liver transplant and co-organizing a digital storytelling with a team of filmmakers to help liver transplant recipients in exploring, crafting, and sharing their stories.
Expanding Temporalities: Complicating Psychosocial Tools for Liver Transplant Survivors through Critical Discourse Analysis and Digital Storytelling
Chloe Wong-Mersereau, Ruo Hao (Selena) Zhang, Fraser Best, Josee Lynch, Mamatha Bhat, Kelly Fritsch, and Suze Berkhout
Background: Little qualitative research on the experience of liver transplant survivors exists in the literature. What does exist demonstrates the complexity of pre and post-transplant experiences. Transplant programs often attend to these challenges through clinical scales and tools that prepare recipients for the tracking and management of psychosocial challenges. However, the materials used to capture the experience of liver transplant patients shape those very experiences and in turn tell a particular kind of story.
Methods: The Temporalities of Cure in Liver Transplantation (Temporalities) research project examines what is left unexplored in the experience of surviving liver transplantation through a critical discourse analysis of the transplantation manuals, clinical tools, and scales as well as a qualitative interviews and digital storytelling with long-term liver transplant survivors.
Results: The language and structure commonly used in psychosocial assessments and quality of life scales, surveys and questionnaires can be inattentive to the impacts of social axes of power on the healthcare needs of survivors pre-, during and post-liver transplant. These may also contribute to structuring patient narratives in such a way that the temporal complexities of transplantation are not fully represented. Patient manuals similarly construct a linear narrative of the transplant experience that can be juxtaposed with the more layered and complex lived experiences told through people’s digital stories.
Discussion: Both the clinical scales and patient manuals can affectively flatten the experience of transplantation, whereas the multimodality of interviews and digital stories engages storytellers and viewers/listeners in ways that reveal important aspects of the psychosocial challenges that exist as one’s transplant journey evolves over time. Critical discourse analysis and digital storytelling complicates conventional biomedical ways of knowing liver transplantation by opening space for seriously engaging, understanding, and witnessing the tensions and frictions that can arise when illness experiences have an extended (chronic) temporality.
Christine Wardell’s bio
Christine Wardell is currently a Ph.D. candidate in Dr. Megan Levings’ lab at the BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute in Vancouver, BC. Her work focuses on detecting alloreactive T cells following transplantation and developing regulatory T cell therapies to prevent transplant rejection.
The trogocytosis assay: A blood-based assay to detect alloreactive immune cells
Christine Wardell, Caroline Lamarche, Vivian Fung, Paul Orban, Tom Blydt-Hansen & Megan Levings
Following receipt of a donor kidney, transplant recipients are maintained on immunosuppressive drugs to dampen their donor-reactive immune response, which would otherwise destroy the kidney. However, these drugs also suppress healthy immune responses against pathogens and cancer. Managing physicians continually adjust a patients’ immunosuppressant regimen to minimize infection risk while preserving graft health. These adjustments are made based on results from graft biopsies, which are invasive and infrequent, limiting physicians’ abilities to optimize immunosuppression. Our goal is to create a blood-based assay that detects immune cells that are reactive to donor human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), which are commonly mismatched in transplantation. Our assay is based on the immunological concept of “trogocytosis”, whereby immune cells that detect and bind strongly to target proteins, rip the target protein from the originating cell and re-incorporate it as a part of their own membrane. We hypothesize that donor HLA-reactive immune cells in transplant recipients trogocytose donor HLA, and that the frequency of trogocytosis+ cells negatively correlates with transplant health. The trogocytosis assay co-cultures recipient blood cells with K562s that express donor HLAs fused to a fluorescent protein; donor HLA-reactive immune cells trogocytose the fluorescent donor HLA, making them enumerable by flow cytometry. We have optimized the parameters of this assay based on an HLA-A2-reactive CD8+ T cell clone. HLA trogocytosis correlates well with conventional activation-induced markers (4-1BB, CD25 and CD69). Trogocytosis efficiency is dependent on K562:T cell ratio, plating density, and peaks at 24 hours of co-culture. The assay has an approximate sensitivity of detecting 1 donor-reactive T cell in 500 T cells. We are currently testing the trogocytosis assay on cryopreserved blood from HLA-A2- recipients of HLA-A2+ kidney transplants and correlating outcomes with biopsy results. The trogocytosis assay may serve as a reproducible and reliable way to assess transplant health using recipient blood.
David Zorko’s bio
Dr. David Zorko is a Pediatric Critical Care Medicine fellow at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Canada). He obtained his medical degree from the University of Ottawa. He subsequently completed his Pediatrics residency in the Clinician Investigator Program at McMaster University, concurrently obtaining his MSc in Health Research Methodology. Dr. Zorko’s research interests include long-term morbidities experienced by children and families following critical illness, and crowdsourcing and machine-learning methodologies in the conduct of systematic reviews.
Autoresuscitation After Circulatory Arrest: An Updated Systematic Review
David J. Zorko; Jonah Shemie; Laura Hornby; Gurmeet Singh; Shauna Matheson; Ryan Sandarage; K Wollny; L Kongkiattikul; Sonny Dhanani
Introduction & Objective: In organ donation following death determination by circulatory criteria (DCD), circulation must be determined to have permanently ceased to ensure that death has occurred. Current practice recommends a 5-minute observation period following circulatory arrest to monitor for an unassisted return of circulation, known as autoresuscitation. In light of newer data, the objective of this updated systematic review was to determine if a 5-minute observation time was still adequate in DCD.
Methods: We searched four electronic databases from inception to August 28, 2021 for studies evaluating or describing autoresuscitation events after circulatory arrest. Citation screening and data abstraction were conducted independently and in duplicate. We assessed certainty in evidence using the GRADE framework.
Results: Of 3741 unique citations assessed, 136 full texts were reviewed, and 73 studies met eligibility criteria. Of these, 45 studies were included in our previous reviews, leaving 18 new studies identified in this update consisting of 14 case reports and four observational studies. Most studies evaluated adults (n=15, 83%) and patients with unsuccessful resuscitation of cardiac arrest (n=11, 61%). Overall, timing of autoresuscitation after circulatory arrest ranged from 1 to 20 minutes. Across all studies on autoresuscitation identified by our reviews (n=73), seven observational studies have been conducted. When examining studies of withdrawal of life-sustaining measures with or without DCD (n=6), 1037 adult and 12 pediatric patients have been evaluated with 23 total autoresuscitation events (2.2%; 95% CI 1.4-3.3%). All resumptions occurred within 5 minutes of circulatory arrest and all patients with autoresuscitation died.
Conclusion: In the context of controlled DCD, the current evidence demonstrates that 5 minutes is sufficient observation time for death determination by circulatory criteria (moderate certainty). The findings of this systematic review will be incorporated into a Canadian guideline on death determination.
Hyunyun Kim’s bio
Hyunyun Kim is a Ph.D. student at the Université de Montréal. He completed a Bachelor’s of Science at Yeungnam University and a Master’s of Science degree at Pusan National University in South Korea. After completing his Master’s degree, he pursued his research activity at the medical research center of the Pusan National University Hospital (PNUH) and the Yeungnam University Medical Center (YUMC) as a research assistant. He then joined Dr. Hébert’s lab in 2019. His research interests are focused on the crosstalk and mechanisms of cell death and autophagy in acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).
Autophagy Inhibition Aggravates Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury-Induced Microvascular Injury
Hyunyun Kim, Shanshan Lan, Francis Migneault, Julie Turgeon, Imane Kaci, Annie Karakeussian Rimbaud, Amani Mahroug, Natacha Patey, Mélanie Dieudé, Marie-Josée Hébert
A kidney transplant is a surgery to place a healthy kidney into a person whose kidneys no longer function properly. Donor kidney undergoes poor nutrients and low oxygen during the surgery followed by kidney damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue. This is a common cause of kidney injury in transplants with over 20% of kidney transplanted patients impacted. Thus, it is important to understand how kidney injury develops during a transplant. We discovered that preventing cell death mechanism protects kidney blood vessels after surgery. However, the role of autophagy, which plays a vital role in the survival mechanism of blood vessels remains unclear. Here, we explore the role of autophagy in the response to kidney injury.
We induced kidney injury in mice to mimic a kidney transplant and used chloroquine, a drug used to prevent survival mechanism. We collected kidneys and blood to measure the activation of survival mechanism and kidney damage. We found that an injured kidney induces survival mechanism, which was blocked by the drug. The drug deteriorated kidney function and damage. We found that regulating the survival pathway might be a potential therapeutic strategy to insure blood vessel protection during a kidney transplant.
Imane Kaci’s bio
Imane Kaci is a Ph.D. student in the Nephrology, Transplantation and Renal Regeneration Research Unit at the CHUM Research Centre in Montreal. She is also an academic trainee in the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP). She completed an MSc degree in Molecular Pathology and Personalized Medicine at Université de Montréal. She then joined the laboratory of Dr Marie-Josée Hébert to pursue her Ph.D. in Molecular Biology. Her research project focuses on understanding the immune response triggered by apoptotic exosome-like vesicles released by apoptotic endothelial cells, and its impact on microvascular rarefaction, renal fibrosis, and kidney function loss after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in transplanted and native kidneys.
Apoptotic exosome-like vesicles mediate immune response dysregulation and kidney dysfunction following ischemia-reperfusion injury
Kidneys clean the blood and dispose of the waste produced by the body’s cells in the urine. They have abundant blood vessels providing them with oxygen and nutrients to function. Kidney function decreases when injuring its smallest blood vessels, especially in old people. We showed that damaging these vessels during transplantation causes kidney graft to fail. We discovered that injured vessels release pieces of cell, called ‘ApoExo’, in the blood. ApoExo activate the immune system to produce antibodies attacking damaged kidneys. We found these antibodies in the blood of kidney recipients with poor graft function. We now study how ApoExo alter immune response causing renal failure and graft rejection. We used mice with injured kidneys mimicking what transplant procedure causes in patients. We collected kidney and blood to measure ApoExo, immune response, and kidney damage. We found that injured kidney releases more ApoExo with age, which increases immune system activation. This induces more antibodies and white blood cells to attack kidneys’ smallest vessels. It then perpetuates ApoExo release and worsens kidney damage and function. Our study gives a new vision of immunological mechanisms causing renal graft impairment. It will help to better preserve donor’s kidney and make it last longer in patients.
Jorge Castillo’s bio
Developing an Ex-vivo organ perfusion system to model kidney disease
Anupama Bhadwal, Alex Cho, Ian Rogers
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 11-13% of the population worldwide. Disease models that aid in uncovering the disease pathogenesis and developing novel therapeutics are needed. Multiple animal models of CKD involve invasive procedures that can affect the animal’s health and experiment results. Also, since the affected organs cannot be analyzed without invasive techniques disease stages are missed. Ex-vivo whole-organ perfusion (EVOP) provides a solution since it enables real time, longitudinal analysis at the whole-organ level and the practical administration of treatments. Also, controlled culture conditions lead to reduced alterations between experiments. We hypothesize that a mouse kidney can be maintained using EVOP for 14 days. Following kidney isolation, renal artery, and vein cannulation, the kidney was cultured using EVOP for 4, 7, and 14 days.
We determined that tissue viability along with proper expression of key kidney proteins such as nephrin, LTL, AQP2 were maintained for up to 7 days. We determined that our system meets the oxygen requirement of a mouse kidney. By analyzing the urine generated by EVOP kidneys, we demonstrated normal renal functioning as the kidney was able to reabsorb proteins found in the culture medium and maintain normal urine glucose levels. However, cell death was found at day 7.
Future steps include optimizing the culture medium to extend EVOP times to 14 days. We aim to enhance the growth conditions by supplementing the culture medium with essential and non-essential amino acids and fatty acids to supply the metabolic needs of the kidney. We aim to implement Flolan, a known vasodilator used in whole organ ex-vivo perfusion studies. Further, we will also analyze gene expression to help improve the EVOP model.
Maude Lanoie’s bio
Maude is a graduate student in the Molecular Biology program at the Université de Montréal. She is also a trainee in the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research program (CDTRP). Maude obtained her BSc degree in Biomedical Sciences at the Université de Montréal where she also completed a minor in Public Health. She joined Dr. Hébert’s lab in 2022 as a master’s student and is currently working on characterizing the mechanisms by which ApoExos load specific sets of nucleic acids to shape endothelial function. Outside of the lab, Maude plays rugby for the Carabins de l’Université de Montréal.
Apoptotic exosome-like vesicles transfer bioactive mRNA to endothelial cells via phosphatidylserine-dependent macropinocytosis
Alexandre Brodeur, Francis Migneault. Nicolas Thibodeau, Déborah Beillevaire, Mélanie Dieudé, Marie-Josée Hébert
When kidneys lack blood supply, because of renal transplantation, small vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to the kidney become injured. The loss of microscopic blood vessels is a major factor in kidney dysfunction and chronic disease installation. Our group identified small fragments of vascular
cells called apoptotic exosomes that are released in the circulation when kidneys lack oxygen. These fragments can induce an immune response and a
modification of the blood vessel environment that may affect the transition from an acute kidney injury to the loss of the kidney transplant. We already
showed that apoptotic exosomes harbor some specific enzymes and RNA molecules known to induce the production of antibodies that can in turn further damage the kidneys. Here, we explore the mechanism by which vascular cells can internalize apoptotic exosomes and shape microscopic blood vessels. To do that, we exposed cells to apoptotic exosomes labeled with fluorescent molecules to track them once internalized. We used inhibitors and genetic techniques to assess the different entryways inside cells. We found that apoptotic exosomes are internalized in blood vessel cells by a non-classical mechanism and that they can promote their entry by activating this same mechanism. We showed that functional RNA molecules can be delivered to cells through apoptotic exosomes and impact the homeostasis of the recipient cells. We also discovered that blocking this entryway prevents the transfer of molecules from apoptotic exosomes to its surrounding and prevents the alteration of the vascular bed around injured vessels. These results open new avenues for preventing apoptotic exosome internalization and preventing the development of kidney dysfunction.
Ruixuan (Sunnie) Yang’s bio
Experimental Medicine Graduate Student with over 5 years of renal research experience. Her study centres around the urinary microbiome and its implications on renal transplant patients, with results arguing for the microbiome’s function as early health indicator.
Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Surface Constituents Hinder Kidney Cell Viability In Vitro
Dirk Lange, Caigan Du, David Harriman
Introduction and Objectives: There is a paucity of research on the urinary microbiome in transplant patients, although increasing evidence have argued for the influence of bacterial species on patient health. Our goal is to better understand the nature of this interaction from a cellular standpoint, assessing the effects of bacterial components on kidney cell lines. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are gram-negative bacterial surface membrane components that trigger inflammation, while lipoteichoic acid (LTA) act as the functional equivalent in gram-positive bacteria. This project aims to assess the effects of LPS and LTA on kidney cell viability as an initial study of the urinary microbiome and renal allograft health.
Methods: In vitro models using kidney cell lines: Human Mesangial Cells (T-HMC) and Human Kidney Proximal Tubular Cells (HKC-8), were designed to assess the cellular impact of LPS and LTA. Cells were cultured in vitro with LPS from Escherichia coli and LTA from Staphylococcus aureus in varying concentrations for 48 hours. FACS and MTT tests were performed to assess cell apoptosis and metabolic activity, respectively.
Results: Increased LTA and LPS concentration both resulted in a steady decline of kidney cell metabolic rates. Contrastingly, cell apoptosis was independent of changing concentration.Tubular cells showed higher sensitivity to treatment groups when compared to mesangial cells, while combining LPS and LTA appear to have a modulating effect which reduces their overall toxicity.
Conclusions: LPS and LTA both act as stressors to kidney cells which may hinder renal allograft health. When combined, they seem to have a modulating effect which decreases their joint toxicity, further supporting the potential protective functions of a diverse microbiome on patient health. Our next steps will be to assess the cytokine inflammatory signals produced from these interactions in addition to analyzing the urinary microbiome of renal transplant recipients in a shotgun sequencing format.
Samrat Ray’s bio
I am a National Board certified GI, HPB and Liver transplant surgeon from New Delhi India. I am currently pursuing my post doc research fellowship in Establishing machine perfusion in pancreas grafts in the lab of Dr Trevor Reichman and Dr Markus Selzner at the Toronto general hospital, Toronto, Canada. My research focusses on establishing normothermic machine perfusion in porcine pancreatic grafts in 3-day survival models and aiming to replicate the same in human pancreas transplantation in future with an aim to expand the donor pool in pancreas transplantation. Alongside, I also work with the machine perfusion models in porcine liver and kidney grafts and also have been participating in the Human Organox liver trial (Metra study) as a part of my curriculum here at the Toronto organ preservation laboratory.
Expanding the donor pool using Normothermic Ex vivo Machine Perfusion model in pancreas transplantation
Catherine Parmentier, Laura Mazilescu, Masataka Kawamura, Yuki Noguchi, Emmanuel Nogueira, Sujani Ganesh, Bhranavi Arulratnam, Sangeetha Kalimuthu, Markus Selzner, Trevor Reichman
Introduction: Pancreas transplantation has shown promising results in improving quality of life in diabetes mellitus. However, pancreas grafts are the most discarded grafts from procurement and have the lowest utilization rate (9%) of any organ mainly due to vulnerability of the gland to oedema and ischemia reperfusion injury. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) aims to simulate physiological milieu for the organ, ex-vivo as close to homeostasis as possible. We hereby summarise our experience using NMP in porcine and discarded human pancreas grafts so far.
Methods: Using a S3 heart-lung machine and neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass equipment with a normothermic perfusion solution and dialysing system, our laboratory established 3-day NMP survival model using porcine pancreata, harvested from 15-week-old Yorkshire pigs. Similar perfusion protocol was replicated for discarded human pancreas grafts to establish feasibility.
Results: 12 porcine pancreases were subjected to NMP alone for 3 hrs after minimal cold storage, using the modified perfusate (9% CO2) and dialysate (1.5 gm/L salt) recipe. Based on the favourable results of the same (average peak 3 hr amylase: 5500 U/L), transplantation was carried out in 3-day survival models (n=4). All animals survived till 3 days with acceptable glucose levels (average peak on Day 1= 6.4 mmol/l) and normal glucose tolerance test on Day 3. Among the human grafts, 5 were from brain dead donors and 1 from a cardiac death donor. Glucose levels decreased during the perfusion (average peak: 9mmol/l; 3.9-19.6) and insulin levels increased (average peak: 1688.4 pmol/l; 7-4304 pmol/L). All grafts (human and porcine) were metabolically active during perfusion and histopathology showed minimal tissue injury.
Conclusion: Establishing optimal conditions for NMP is a challenge for pancreas grafts. However, meticulous cold dissection, minimum handling of organ while on the machine along with a relatively hyperosmolar composition of the dialysing solution has shown promising results.
Wajiha Ghazi’s bio
Wajiha Ghazi is a Master’s student working in clinical research at Toronto General Hospital. She is passionate about assessing physical function and physical activity of patients in clinical settings. Her current research work focuses on the assessment of physical function among kidney transplant recipients using patient-reported outcomes. She is enthusiastic about integrating physical function assessments in routine clinical care using patient reported outcomes.
Physical function impairment among patients on dialysis and kidney transplant recipients
Ram Ahuja, Corrin Doucette, Zain Ahmad, Nathaniel Edwards, John Peipert, Susan J Bartlett, Madeline Li, Doris Howell, Marta Novak, Istvan Mucsi
Patients treated with dialysis are reported to live a sedentary life and have impaired physical function which is associated with a poor quality of life. Compared to dialysis, kidney transplant provides better clinical outcomes; however, many kidney transplant recipients are also sedentary and have low physical function. In this study, we aim to assess physical function impairment among patients on dialysis and kidney transplant recipients.
We assessed physical function impairment using the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), which is a tool that includes item banks for different domains of health-related quality of life including physical function. PROMIS is efficient and precise as it personalizes the assessment and reduces question burden. Participants also completed the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L questionnaire which covers five domains (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain or discomfort and depression). We found that kidney transplant recipients had a higher PROMIS physical function scores than patients on dialysis. Moderate-to-severe physical function impairment was prevalent in 70% of patients on dialysis compared to 25% in kidney transplant recipients. Similarly, 66% patients on dialysis reported at least some “problems walking” on the EQ-5D-5L mobility item compared to 38% of kidney transplant recipients
These results can help improve the interpretation of PROMIS physical function scores and help patients and clinicians to determine the need for exercise intervention. In future research, we will compare performance-based measures with PROMIS and investigate if exercise interventions can reverse physical function impairment in this patient population.
Manoela de Paula Ferreira’s bio
Dr. de Paula Ferreira is a research coordinator in the department of Physical Therapy at the University of Toronto. Dr. Ferreira completed her bachelor’s degree in Physical Therapy and Dance, followed by a Master’s and Ph.D. degrees in Physical Education at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) – Brazil, where she studied the effects of a home-based dance exercise program in people with Parkinson’s Disease. She is a CDTPR trainee involved with theme 5 – Restore Long-Term Health. Dr. Ferreira completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Toronto, working with Dr. Sunita Mathur on frailty and sarcopenia in solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. Currently, Dr. Ferreira is a research coordinator, working with Dr. Lisa Wickerson in a telerehabilitation and telemonitoring lab at the University of Toronto. Dr. Ferreira is interested in implementation projects and studies to improve patients’ quality of life and well-being.
Marie-Hélène Normand’s bio
Marie-Hélène Normand is a Ph.D. student in Dr. Mélanie Dieudé’s laboratory at the CHUM Research Center in Montreal. She completed her bachelor’s degree in Molecular and Cellular Biology at the University of Sherbrooke, Quebec. After completing the first year of a Master’s degree in Microbiology and Immunology and being accepted into the accelerated M.Sc.-Ph.D. program, she began a Ph.D. degree in Microbiology and Immunology in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Montreal under Dr. Dieudé’s supervision. Her research project focuses on autoimmunity induced by tissue damage in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus. She is a CDTRP trainee and a part of Project Laurent, a one-health interdisciplinary project initiated by patient partners and professionals to enable immunosuppressed patients to safely own pets.
Sandrine Juillard’s bio
Sandrine Juillard is a master’s student in Dr. Mélanie Dieudé’s laboratory at the Centre de Recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM). She completed a bachelor’s degree in Microbiology and Immunology at the Université de Montréal in 2021, during which she internship at Dre Marie-Josée Hébert laboratory. Since May 2021Sandrine is enrolled in a master’s program in Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Montreal under Dr. Dieudé’s supervision and is the recipient of a prestigious Canada Graduate Scholarship from CIHR. Her project aims at characterizing the importance of Toll-like receptors in modulating autoimmune responses triggered by extracellular vesicles released during vascular damage in the context of lupus erythematosus. Eager to acquire complementary knowledge, she’s part of a different project with the CDTRP, where she’s been a trainee since 2020. Sandrine is interested not only in the molecular mechanisms that explain immune disorders but also in their implication in the lives of patients.
Effects of telerehabilitation on physical function, mental health and health-related quality of life in solid organ transplant recipients A systematic review
Manoela de Paula Ferreira, Sandrine Juillard, Marie- Hélène Normand, Sherrie Logan, Denis Arvisais, Dmitry Rozenberg, Tania Janaudis-Ferreira, Lisa Wickerson, Sunita Mathur, Isabelle Doré
Introduction: The use of telerehabilitation to deliver exercise programs is growing. However, the effects of telerehabilitation, adherence and safety of these virtual interventions are still unclear in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. This systematic review aims to 1) describe telerehabilitation’s effects on physical function, frailty, mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in adults SOT recipients and 2) describe the safety and adherence of the telerehabilitation programs.
Methods: PRISMA Guidelines for systematic reviews and the PICOTS framework will be used. Prospero registration: CRD42022337985. All interventional study designs with a telerehabilitation exercise program in a synchronous, asynchronous or hybrid (mix between in-person and virtual) format to adult SOT (heart, liver, kidney, lung or pancreas) recipients, published in English, Portuguese or French will be included. Abstracts and literature reviews will be excluded. As outcomes, physical function (cardiorespiratory endurance, balance, strength, coordination, flexibility, functional mobility, and physical activity); mental health (stress, psychological distress, anxiety and depression); frailty, HRQL, safety and adherence will be described. Searches in six databases (MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, EMBASE, Web science, SportDISCUS, and Cochrane Library) and grey literature, from inception to July 2022, will be conducted by a librarian. Studies will be combined into two groups: early (< 6 months post-transplantation) and long-term (> 6 months post-transplantation) intervention and a descriptive approach will summarise the effects, safety and adherence to telerehabilitation in each group. The Cochrane tool (rob-2) will be used to assess the methodological quality of the randomized clinical studies and the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS – I) for the non-randomized studies.
Results: The results of this review will assist in understanding the benefits of telerehabilitation for SOT recipients.
Conclusion/Clinical significance: This review will also help identify gaps for future investigations to improve the evidence and quality of telerehabilitation for SOT recipients.
Amina Silva’s bio
Amina Silva is a registered nurse and is in the last year of her PhD at Queen’s University. Her clinical background is focused on end-of-life care, kidney transplantation and eye donation processes. Her research program is focused on organ donation processes, end-of-life and survivorship care and simulation-based educational strategies. Amina is also a research coordinator for the BRiC program (Studying Burnout and Compassion Fatigue among OTDCs in Canada), a research assistant at Queen’s University, and a simulation facilitator at University of Ottawa.
Organ Donation Following Medical Assistance in Dying: A Scoping Review
Vanessa Silva e Silva, Andrea Rochon, Ken Lotherington, Laura Hornby, Tineke Wind, Jan Bollen, Lindsay Wilson, Aimee Sarti, Sonny Dhanani
Background: Organ donation following Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) is a relatively new procedure when compared with the practices of deceased organ donation in general, and this dual procedure is currently performed in Canada, Netherlands, Belgium and mostly recent Spain. To inform changes in the practice guidelines and ensure ethically acceptable procedures, we examined the international literature on the existing processes, outcomes and ethical debates regarding organ donation following MAiD.
Methods: Scoping review using the JBI framework. Published literature was searched on Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, Ovid PsycINFO, Web of Science – Science Citation Index and Social Science Citation Index via Clarivate, and Academic Search Complete via EBSCOhost. Gray and unpublished literature included materials from organ donation organizations. Reports were considered if they discussed organ donation following MAiD at home or in any healthcare setting in any country. Reports were screened, and data extracted and analyzed by two independent reviewers.
Results: The searching process yield 1879 reports and 121 were included in this review. Most reports were in English (n=95), from Canada (n=51), and published between 2019-2021 (n=57). Results from this review identified the following major theme areas: the main processes and procedures involved in organ donation after MAiD in the hospital and at home; the main clinical pathways involved in different settings; ethical dilemmas involved in this combined procedure; healthcare professionals’ roles and perceptions; impacts on the organ donation system; transplant outcomes; public perceptions; safety processes and tools in place; educational strategies for healthcare professionals involved; and suggestions for future research to address knowledge gaps.
Conclusion: Results from this review can also be used as a rich source of information for countries with organ donation following MAiD and provide important directions for improvements in the current organ donation and transplantation system using MAiD donors.
Cindy Wen’s bio
Cindy Wen is a third year undergraduate student at Western University, completing an Honours Specialization in Epidemiology and Biostatistics. She is currently the Team Lead of the Chinese Health Equity Project at the Kidney Health Education and Research Group under the supervision of Dr. Istvan Mucsi, a Transplant Nephrologist at Toronto General Hospital in the University Health Network. Her work primarily focuses on examining potential barriers to living donor kidney transplantation among the Chinese Canadian population. More broadly, her research interests lie in examining the social determinants of health and understanding ethnocultural and gender disparities that create inequitable access to care.
“Losing face” as a potential barrier to living donor kidney transplantation for Chinese Canadians in Toronto, Ontario: Preliminary findings from a qualitative analysis
Susan Abbey, Samantha Anthony, Beth Edwards, Kenneth Fung, Jagbir Gill, Jenny Kang, Janet Li, Sarah Pol, Cathy Yang, Istvan Mucsi
Background: Patients wishing to pursue living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT), need to communicate their need for a living donor. Hesitancy to discuss this need is a known barrier. Chinese Canadians have reduced access to LDKT. We investigated barriers that Chinese Canadians may face when pursuing LDKT.
Methods: Adults on dialysis, kidney donors and recipients, and people with no lived experience with kidney disease who self-identify as Chinese Canadian were recruited through snowball and purposive sampling. Individual interviews were conducted via phone and MS Teams in English, Mandarin, and Cantonese. Topics explored include ethnocultural identity, knowledge regarding kidney disease, and treatment options. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated to English when necessary. Data were analyzed via thematic analysis using inductive and deductive coding strategies.
Results: “Losing face” or “Diūliǎn” is emerging as a major theme from our preliminary data analysis (n=12, 6 females, 6 community members, 5 KT recipients, 1 patient on dialysis). “Diūliǎn” is related to social standards regarding social obligation, social integrity, and self-respect. It is rooted in the desire to maintain harmonious relationships and a positive social reputation by avoiding apparent weakness or other causes of embarrassment. Subthemes include: 1) perception of illness as shameful; 2) perception of illness as a personal responsibility; and 3) burden of asking and anticipated need for reciprocity. Participants described that communication about illness may bring shame to the family, so privacy is necessary to avoid rumors, specifically regarding kidney failure. Illness is expected to be managed privately, without burdening others. Finally, asking for large gifts or favors may damage one’s social reputation and require reciprocity.
Conclusion: “Losing face” is emerging as a potential barrier for considering LDKT among Chinese Canadians. Next, we will co-develop culturally appropriate strategies with community partners to support communication regarding the treatment of kidney failure.
Gopika Punchhi’s bio
Gopika Punchhi is a third-year medical student at the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario. She completed her undergraduate studies at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. She is a member of Dr. Mamatha Bhat’s lab at the Multi Organ Transplant Program at University Health Network, Toronto, ON. Her research interests are primarily in patient selection, organ allocation, and post-transplant outcomes for liver transplantation.
Deep Learning to Predict Trajectories and Identify Features Associated with Death and Transplant in Waitlisted NASH Patients
Gopika Punchhi, Yingji Sun, Sirisha Rambhatla, Mamatha Bhat
Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis patients waitlisted for liver transplantation (LT) are older, have more comorbidities, and have a high risk of dropout and death on the waitlist. We used data at time of waitlisting to construct a DeepHit machine learning model and conduct a competing risk analysis to predict the probability of death versus transplant in waitlisted NASH candidates.
Methods: We included 17,551 NASH patients listed for LT from 2002-2021 from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (excluding exception indications such as hepatocellular carcinoma). We constructed a DeepHit model with death on the waitlist as the primary event and LT as the competing risk and compared it to regularized CoxPH models predicting death or transplant. We selected the best-performing models and hyperparameters based on the average concordance index (C-index) during validation. Event-specific C-indexes and Brier scores were evaluated at the 25th percentile (1 month), median (5 months), and 12 months on the waitlist using the test set and compared between the models.
Results: The DeepHit model achieved greater C-index scores for the death event at 1, 5, and 12 months of 0.920(±0.001), 0.820(±0.002), and 0.750(±0.002), respectively, and achieved smaller Brier scores for the transplant event of 0.130(±0.003), 0.210(±0.001) and 0.220(±0.005), respectively. In the DeepHit model, features associated with death were initial MELD, hospitalization and ICU status, and poor functional status, while initial MELD, AB blood type, poor functional status, and hemodialysis were associated with transplant.
Conclusion: Our DeepHit model outperforms traditional CoxPH models and can be used to predict the trajectory of a NASH patient on the LT waitlist using data at waitlisting. Modifiable predictors of death or transplant can be identified to reduce the risk of waitlist death.
Farnaz Farahbakhsh’s bio
Farnaz Farahbakhsh received her Master’s of Clinical Sciences at the University of Western Ontario. For several years she has been involved as a leader in stem cell donor recruitment in Canada, advocating for patients from diverse ethnic groups who need a blood stem cell transplantation. She is currently leading the Stem Cell Club’s Iranian Donors Save Lives Campaign alongside an engaging team of volunteers to recruit Iranians as potential stem cell donors.
Iranian Donors Save Lives Campaign to Engage Iranian Peoples as Stem Cell Donors
Farnaz Farahbakhsh, Brady Park, Gabriele Jagelaviciute, Elena Kum, Michelle Ho, and Dr. Warren Fingrut
Background: Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a curative therapy for a range of blood diseases, most patients lack a fully matched family donor and require an alternative donor. Patients are more likely to find a matched unrelated donor from within their own ethnic groups. However, Iranians are underrepresented on the worldwide stem cell donor registries (eg. in Canada, making up <0.2% of donors).
Methods: An array of multimedia was developed in collaboration with a team of Iranian-Canadian volunteers and partners to engage the community to donate. Multimedia were reviewed by transplantation experts and members of the Iranian community, then published to stemcellclub.ca/Iranian/.
Results: Multimedia developed included infographics highlighting the racial disparity in access to stem cell donors, WhyWeSwab stories, and videos of patients with Iranian ancestry (mobile.twitter.com/whyweswab; https://youtu.be/zrQH5JVnt2s), testimonials from members of the Iranian community (https://youtu.be/sd9reXoXt4M) and social media influencers (eg.https://www.tiktok.com/@stemcellclub/video/7095913308280130821), physician statements from Iranian Canadians advocating for their communities to register as donors (eg. https://youtu.be/x1eAoRe5C4k, https://www.youtube.com/watch), and Tiktoks featuring Iranian Canadians to target and educate individuals within the Iranian community about the importance of stem cell donation (https://www.tiktok.com/@stemcellclub/video/7096256780807752966, https://www.tiktok.com/@stemcellclub/video/7099958142640934150, https://www.tiktok.com/@stemcellclub/video/7096893023795170565). Multimedia were arranged into a national recruitment campaign, Iranian Donors Save Lives (stemcellclub.ca/Iranian/), and shared by Iranian partners across Canada (eg. Iranian Students Association, Iranian Canadian Foundation).
Conclusion: Multimedia were developed in collaboration with Iranian people to support the recruitment of Iranians as potential donors. We are now evaluating the impact of these multimedia on Iranian potential donors’ knowledge and attitudes towards donation.
Katina Zheng’s bio
Dr. Katina Zheng, MD received her medical degree from the University of Ottawa and is now a second-year internal medicine resident at the University of Toronto. She has had a longstanding interest in organ donation and transplantation, which was first sparked early on in her medical school training. She continues to actively pursue research under the supervision of Dr. Bhat with a focus on liver transplantation.
Live donor liver transplantation in primary sclerosing cholangitis: an indicator of an organ allocation system not addressing patient need
Fernanda Onofrio, Katina Zheng, Cherry Xu, Shiyi Chen, Aliya Gulamhusein, Cynthia Tsien1, Keyur Patel, Nazia Selzner, Leslie Lilly, Gideon Hirschfield, Mamatha Bhat
Background: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease where transplantation is the only definitive treatment option. Patients are waitlisted for liver transplant (LT) according to the MELD-Na score, which may not accurately reflect the burden of disease in this condition. We sought to describe and analyze the clinical course over time of patients with PSC referred for LT, in a mixed deceased donor/live donor transplant programme.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study from November 2012 to December 2019 including all patients with PSC referred for assessment at the University Health Network Liver Transplant Clinic. Liver symptoms, hepatobiliary malignancy, MELD-Na progression, and death were assessed.
Results: Of 172 PSC patients assessed for transplant, 144 (84%) were listed of which 106/144 (74%) were transplanted. The mean age was 47.6 years and 66% were male. During the follow-up period, 26/144 (18%) were removed from the waitlist due to infection, clinical deterioration, liver-related mortality, or new cancer. At time of listing, 118/144 (81.95%) had a potential Living Donor (pLD), of whom 94 were transplanted: 64 live donor LT (LDLT) and 30 deceased donor LT (DDLT). Overall mortality was 79% lower in patients with a potential living donor (p<0.001). Exception points were granted to 13/172 (7.5%) patients.
Conclusions: Overall, the majority of PSC patients assessed for transplant were listed and subsequently transplanted. Only a minority of patients received exception points, which reflects the difficulty in fulfilling criteria. Waitlist mortality was 11.8% which is lower than other indications for LT. The majority of PSC transplanted patients underwent LDLT; this may be indirect evidence of patients and clinicians recognising that the current MELD-Na allocation system does not accurately reflect their degree of illness/clinical need. Evaluation of approaches to managing deceased donor allocation for patients with PSC is needed to make this more equitable.
Khairunnadiya (Nadia) Prayitno’s bio
Nadia Prayitno holds a doctoral degree for her work on the role of roX RNA in Dosage Compensation during Drosophila melanogaster embryogenesis, where she utilized a variety of molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, NGS, and bioinformatic techniques. Since July 2021, she has been working with Dr. Mamatha Bhat at the University Health Network to elucidate transcriptomic and epigenetic changes that occur in post-transplant NASH. Concurrently, she is developing a model to study the effects of immunosuppression on the aggressive form of the disease progression.
Changes in Liver Transplant Recipients with Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Indicate Dysregulation of Wound Healing
Diogo Pellegrina, Amirhossein Azhie, Elisa Pasini, Cristina Baciu, Sandra Fischer, Jüri Reimand, Mamatha Bhat
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is on the rise alongside increase in obesity and diabetes. It is estimated that one in three North Americans have NAFLD. Advanced NASH, the inflammatory form of NAFLD, can cause liver damage leading to a necessity for liver transplantation (LT). NASH can recur or develop de novo at an accelerated rate presenting stage three fibrosis by five years after LT. We aimed to examine the mechanistic basis of post-LT NASH.
Methods: The transcriptomes of post-LT liver biopsies presenting NASH, simple steatosis, or normal histology were profiled by RNA sequencing, and differential expression analysis performed to identify significant changes between groups and available non-LT NASH transcriptomes. Using ActivePathways, we identified enriched functional pathways and physical interactions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
Results: We found 118 DEGs out of 19,847 measured genes in post-LT NASH. We identified published markers of NASH and liver fibrosis including MUC1, AIML2, THBS2, IGF1, PCK1, and SOCS2. Our functional enrichment analysis showed significant transcriptomic changes in the PI3K-Akt pathway associated with metabolic alterations in NASH. Significant changes in gene expression were also linked to wound healing, cell cycle, and fibrosis. Our comparison to non-LT NASH confirmed the increased activation of wound healing and angiogenesis pathways in post-LT condition.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest the involvement of wound healing and fibrosis as a molecular basis for the accelerated development of fibrosis in post-LT NASH. Therefore, targeting mechanisms involved in liver fibrosis may be a therapeutic avenue for post-LT NASH to optimize graft survival.
Ruo Hao (Selena) Zhang’s bio
Ruo Hao (Selena) Zhang completed her undergraduate degree in Pathology at Western University and is currently enrolled in her second year of medical school at the Temerty Faculty of Medicine at the University of Toronto. She has budding clinical and research interests in gastroenterology, internal medicine, and quality improvement.
The Lay of the Land in Qualitative Liver Transplant Research: A Scoping Review and Network Mapping Study
Chloe Wong-Mersereau, Ani Orchanian-Cheff, Shikha Gandhi, Maryam Makki, Mamatha Bhat, and Suze Berkhout
Background: While there have been improvements in short-term survival for liver transplant patients, the lived experiences of transplant survivors are shaped by complications that accumulate over time. Qualitative research can examine the impact, meaning, and significance of these challenges. Despite this, qualitative research has a limited reach in the field of liver transplantation to date (Wall 2021).
Objective: To identify the range of issues faced by liver transplant survivors, their caregivers, and care providers as they are represented in the qualitative literature and understand how the field is evolving over time.
Methods: The review was conducted using the methodology by Arksey & O’Malley (2007). Studies from MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched from database inception to August 2021. All English language studies focused on a liver transplant population with a qualitative component to the method were included. Using VOSviewer network mapping software we constructed a visualization of the thematic networks for included studies.
Results: Our initial search yielded 7380 studies. After removal of duplicates, 4808 abstracts and subsequently more than 300 full-text articles were screened, yielding a much smaller quantity of studies for review. A substantial minority of these studies were conference abstracts rather than full manuscripts. Thematically, quality of life was one of the most prominent issues examined in the literature, though many of these were limited in the time course they considered post-transplant. Very few studies utilized methods informed by critical theories.
Discussion: Limitations exist in how the liver transplantation experience is conceptualized by the qualitative literature. There is a shortage of qualitative studies examining the lived experience of liver transplant survivors beyond one-year post-transplant. Further research is needed to broaden our understanding of the complexities of transplant survivorship.
Sibele Schuantes’s bio
Sibele Schuantes, Registered Nurse, Master of Health Science, PhD Student at Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) – Brazil. Member of Study Group on Organ and Tissue Donation for Transplants (GEDOTT); Member of Allied Research in Donation and Transplantation (ARDOT); International Member of Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP); Member of Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation (Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos – ABTO).
Time elapsed between cells, tissues and organs donation and transplantation and adverse events detection
Bartira de Aguiar Roza; Janine Schirmer
Introduction: Adverse events in cells, tissues and organs donation and transplantation are defined as any unfavorable situation that can cause damage to the recipient. A previous study developed in Brasil, characterized causes of adverse events. However, discrepancies were observed regarding the time elapsed between the procedure (donation or transplant), detection and notification of adverse events. Therefore, this question arose: how long after transplant can the unfavorable situation be considered an adverse event?
Objective: To discuss time between transplant and detection of adverse events notified in São Paulo – Brazil.
Method: Descriptive study with quantitative approach. Data provided by Transplantation Central of São Paulo from the “Individual notification form of adverse reactions in Biovigilance” between 2016 and 2019. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Fifty-two notification were analyzed, and three categories were formed: 1) adverse events detected on the same day of transplant: eight; 2) adverse events detected between one week and 548 days after transplant: 40 and 3) adverse events detected two years after transplant: four. Regarding the third category, events were detected three, five, 11 and 12 years after transplant. All imputed as discarded and classified as moderate. The nature of the events was hematopoietic stem cells transplant and the cause of notification, neoplasm.
Conclusion: The discussion on the topic is beginning, however, it is important. Since the clinical management of transplant recipients as well as the comprehension about what is considered adverse event and is the natural course of the patient’s life, can impact in clinical decision-making, public policies, and patient safety research. This study highlights the need to investigate related factors to adverse events, especially, the time between the transplant procedure and adverse event detection, to stablish clinical guideline.
Emmanuel Nogueira’s bio
Dr. Emmanuel Nogueira attended the Federal University of Ceará (UFC),graduating in 2013 with a medical degree. Following that, he became a fellow at the Federal University of Ceara of Scientific Initiation in Liver Transplantation, and completed both his general surgery at the Onofre Lopes University Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, from 2015 to 2017, and his medical residency in digestive tract surgery at the general hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from 2017 to 2019. Serving as the team surgeon for the liver transplantation program at the General Hospital of Fortaleza and So Camilo Hospital in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil in 2019, and as the project leader at Sao Camilo’s Hospital, a pioneering operation, for two years while carrying out roughly 40 liver transplants, he has plenty of experience performing and mentoring clinical research groups with great success. In 2020, he started a master of science degree in transplantation at the State University of Ceara, focusing on research in organ preservation. Dr. Emmanuel Nogueira not only has a remarkable medical past, but he also continues to pursue an ongoing education and professional development with the Toronto Organ Preservation Laboratory in Toronto General Hospital.
Use of Pancaspase inhibitor during Normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion: a strategy to reduce ischemia reperfusion injury in pig liver grafts
Yuki Noguchi, Masataka Kawamura, Catherine Parmentier, Samrat Ray
Bhranavi Arulratnam, Sujani Ganesh, Nazia Selzner, Trevor Reichman, Markus Selzner
Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has significant impact in Liver Transplant (LTx) especially for expanded criteria donors, such as cardiac death donors (DCD). IRI is mainly induced by apoptosis which is regulated by caspases cascade. Caspases are proteolytic enzymes responsible for cell death and activation of inflammatory cytokines. Normothermic ex-vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP) emerges as an important tool to reduce the impact of IRI. NEVLP reduces liver tissue damage caused by cold ischemia, but also allows the development of strategies for better organ preservation, such as the use of nutrients, hormones and drugs which, acting directly on the liver, can improve graft function after transplant. In this study we used a porcine model for NEVLP applying Emricasan, a pancaspase inhibitor, during NEVLP to assess its effects on liver function and tissue damage.
Methods: A model for Porcine DCD retrieval was used with 60 min of warm ischemia followed by 5 hrs of NEVLP. The swine were divided into two groups: the EMRICASAN group (n=4) and the CONTROL group (n=4). Primary endpoints were liver injury and function during perfusion.
Results: AST levels were significantly reduced in the Emricasan treated vs the control group (p=0.0004). Bile glucose levels were higher in Emricasan group (p<0,0001). Improvement in liver weight and bile production were observed with Emricasan treatment that did not reach significance. Liver and bile pH levels, bile bicarbonate, hepatic artery and portal vein flow showed no differences between the two groups.
Conclusion: The pancaspase inhibitor Emricasan demonstrated potential benefit in reducing tissue damage and enhancing liver function during NEVLP in a donor model with increased ischemic damage. Emricasan administration during NEVLP may be a new strategy to reduce IRI after liver transplant.
Aisha Adil’s bio
Aisha is an MSc graduate student through Institute of Medical Science atUniversity of Toronto under the supervision of Dr. Siba Haykal and Dr. Golnaz Karoubi. Her research location is in Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories at University Health Network. Aisha previously obtained an Honours Bachelor of Science at the University of Toronto, with a specialization in Health and Disease before proceeding to graduate studies. Her research focuses on tissue engineering composite rat hindlimbs using tissue de- and recellularization for vascular composite allotransplantation (VCA). She has published her work on decellularization of the rat hindlimb and is currently assessing recellularization strategies. She is a recipient of numerous awards including the Banting and Best Canada Graduate Scholarship (CGS-M). She has presented her graduate work at various conferences locally and nationally. She aspires to continue in academia medicine by pursuing further doctorate training through a clinician-scientist pathway.
Alexandra Frankel’s bio
Alexandra Vieux Frankel is a PhD student in anthropology at York University. Her research sits at the intersection of medical anthropology and feminist science and technology studies. She is also a research assistant for the project Frictions of Futurity and Cure in Transplant Medicine at the Toronto University Hospital Network.
Embodied Survivorship: Using Arts-Based Methods to Complicate Biomedical Narratives of Organ Transplantation and Improve Care
Eva-Marie Stern, Chloe Wong-Mersereau, Brad Necyk, Kelly Fritsch, and Suze Berkhout
Background: Dominant biomedical narratives of organ transplantation depict it as a bridge to a different, improved, able-bodied life. Emerging qualitative research has begun to explore how this narrative can erase everyday challenges that survivors of transplant face. Yet, transplantation is also deeply valued and appreciated by patients, families, and donors. Finding ways to examine the complexity of survivors’ sensory and embodied experiences of transplant—what sits beyond the surface—can provide insight into novel interventions to better support transplant patients.
Methods: Data was collected using qualitative semi-structured ethnographic and arts-based interviews, which included an art therapy activity titled “Below the Surface” that was piloted within the research group before engaging in the activity with participants. Participants were prompted to create an aluminum foil cast of their hand and forearm and then invited to transform the cast so that it spoke to their experience of organ transplant. Following engagement with the cast, interviewees were asked to reflect on the experience of working with the cast and the process evoked.
Results: Interviews simultaneously revealed participants’ emotional and sensory experiences and the challenges of expressing these. In the art activity, participants used a variety of techniques to manipulate, change, and mark the art materials. Some reshaped the cast by flattening it, creating holes, and marking the materials.
Discussion: Data and casts from both the pilot and study demonstrated the effectiveness of this arts-based methodology for exploring the multifaceted faceted ways in which individuals understand and express their experiences. The “Below the Therapy” activity enabled participants to recall sensory, embodied information, providing a safe, contained space for sensory experiences and generating narratives that were not uncovered with traditional interviews. This approach is promising as a method for interrupting the linear, singular structure of narratives that can emerge in more semi-structured approaches.
Amy Thachil’s bio
Amy Thachil is a master’s student in the laboratory of Dr. Tom Blydt-Hansenat the BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute. She completed her undergraduate degree in human biology and immunology at the University of Toronto. She is currently pursuing her masters in experimental medicine at the University of British Columbia. Her work will focus on immunometabolomic biomarkers of transplant outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.
Investigating serum immunometabolomic profiles associated with pediatric kidney transplant alloimmune outcomes
Dr. Tom Blydt-Hansen, Dr. Katey Armstrong, Dr. David Wishart, Dr. Simon Urschel, Dr. Graham Sinclair, Dr. Atul Sharma, Dr. Paul Keown, Dr. Karen Sherwood
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for children with end-stage kidney failure. Following transplantation, some children develop chronic forms of rejection that reduce the lifespan of their transplant and negatively impact their quality of life. We have yet to determine all of the factors that contribute to the development of transplant tolerance versus rejection. An individual’s metabolism may play a role. Metabolism factors, such as nutritional status and disease, can direct the immune response towards the transplanted organ and influence transplant outcomes. The purpose of the study reported here is to determine whether there exist measurable differences in metabolism that can predict whether someone will have a tolerant versus rejection response towards their transplant.
We measured small molecules (metabolites) that are reflective of metabolism, in pre-transplant blood samples collected from 124 children undergoing kidney transplantation. Previous work by the Blydt-Hansen laboratory identified patterns of metabolites in adult kidney transplant recipients that are predictive of chronic rejection and poor long-term outcomes. We first determined whether the metabolite patterns identified in adults are also predictive of transplant outcomes in children. We found that the adult-derived metabolite patterns are not associated with transplant function or inflammation within the first-year post-transplant. We did find that levels of certain metabolites are associated with age and body size. In the next phase of our study, we will use statistical modelling to identify patterns of metabolites, specific to children, that can predict whether a child will develop chronic rejection.
This research will improve our understanding of factors that contribute to the risk of chronic rejection and allow us to develop a method for identifying those at high risk. In turn, this will allow us to intervene before transplant to personalize treatment and improve long-term transplant survival.
Daljeet Chahal’s bio
Coming soon.
Metabolomic approach to identify causes of post liver transplant graft injury
Elisa Pasini, Cristina Baciu, Amir Amirhossein, Mamatha Bhat
Background: Graft viability after liver transplantation (LT) is dependent on prompt recognition of graft injury. There is a need for biomarkers that can differentiate between etiologies of injury early. We present preliminary findings of a metabolomic study characterizing molecular signatures arising in post-LT graft injury. Current analysis is limited to post-LT biliary injury, but our long-term goal is to identify signatures associated with multiple disease states that can be combined into a single assay.
Methods: From the UHN Transplant Biobank, we obtained 22 biopsy-matched serum samples for the control group, 27 with post-LT biliary injury, 25 with post-LT NAFLD/NASH, and 67 with rejection. A metabolomics direct injection mass spectrometry with reverse-phase LC-MS/MS assay was used to identify and quantify up to 143 different endogenous metabolites. Statistical and machine learning analyses were employed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0.
Results: After filtering and normalization, volcano plot analysis using Log2 fold-change threshold of 1.2 and t-test threshold of 0.05 identified 25 metabolites of interest. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was able to differentiate between controls and biliary injury with accuracy of 0.8, R2 0.9 and Q2 0.4. Metabolites increased in biliary injury included glutamic acid, C18:1, PC ae C36:0, C12:1, C16:1, C2, SM C20:2, and PC aa C40:2. Glutamic acid was most important with VIP score of 3.0. A sparse PLS-DA was also employed and demonstrated similar performance and feature ranking. Hierarchical clustering and heatmap utilizing features of interest demonstrated distinct separation between control and biliary injury samples.
Conclusion: These preliminary findings identify a metabolomic signature associated with post-LT biliary injury. Further analysis of collected samples may lead to unique signatures for other causes of graft injury (NASH, rejection). These could then be combined with the biliary signature to create a single assay capable of distinguishing between different etiologies at time of initial lab draw.
Marwa Sadat’s bio
Marwa is a 1st year Masters student in Dr. Ian Rogers lab at the University of Toronto in the Department of Physiology. She completed her Bachelor of Science in Life Sciences at the University of Toronto, with a double major in Physiology and Neuroscience. In her research, she is interested in using ex vivo perfusion of the mouse and humanized pancreas to study type 1 diabetes. On one hand, she is working on optimizing ex vivo murine pancreas perfusion and using it to model type 1 diabetes. Simultaneously, she is focused on generating a humanized pancreas through decellularization-recellularization of the mouse pancreas with human progenitor cells, based on the idea that the extracellular matrix will guide maturation of progenitors. During her free time, she enjoys discovering new hiking trails and trying new restaurants around the city.
Normothermic ex vivo perfusion of the murine pancreas to model type 1 diabetes
Marwa Sadat, Jorge Castillo-Prado, Ian M. Rogers
Diseases of the pancreas affect hundreds of millions worldwide, including diabetes, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer, for which current treatment methods are insufficient, and which lack proper disease modelling. Current animal models for pancreatic disease are useful, however they can be complicated, invasive, and can result in immediate fatality following disease generation. Our goal is to generate a normothermic ex vivo organ perfusion (EVOP) system for the pancreas that mimics the in vivo environment, where the pancreas can be monitored and assayed in real-time, which is limited in animal models. Previously, we have mathematically designed and built an EVOP system that can successfully support the whole adult murine kidney for upto 9 days, by providing it with sufficient oxygen, nutrients, and hydrostatic support in a sterile manner. In our current study, preliminary data shows that our EVOP system can support the native murine pancreas for up to 4 days, as indicated by H&E staining which reveals healthy-looking tissue, as well as a positive glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) test indicating healthy endocrine function. Currently, culture conditions for longer term experiments are being optimized, by adding various nutrients and supplements to best support the metabolic needs of the pancreas. Next, we will generate a model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in the isolated pancreas by perfusing the organ with the highly selective pancreatic β cell cytotoxin streptozotocin (STZ), which is effective in generating T1DM in vivo in rodents. Generation of T1DM will be confirmed via disappearance of the insulin spike in the GSIS test post-STZ perfusion. This system will not only allow for successful generation of ex vivo models of pancreatic disease which can be used to test various therapeutic agents in an isolated manner, but can also aid in furthering efforts for maintaining human organs for transplants.
Ke Fan Bei’s bio
My personal perspective in the field of transplant continiously invigorates mydesire to contribute. To that end, I am PFD partner with the CDTRP and I am currently pursing a PhD in Immunology with the University of Toronto with a focus on transplant immunology.
Princess Okoh
Princess is a first-year master’s student at the Institute of Medical Science at the University of Toronto. She obtained her medical degree from the University of Benin, Nigeria. Princess is interested in understanding barriers resulting in health inequities among marginalized populations, particularly those affected by chronic health conditions like kidney disease. She is currently a member of the Kidney Health Education and Research Group working on ACTION, a project to improve access to Living Donor Kidney Transplantation in Ethno-racial Minority communities in Canada. In addition, she is aspiring towards a career in population health research and academia. Throughout my academic and professional career, I have participated in several outreach programs with organizations providing medical services to rural communities affected by non-communicable diseases like chronic kidney disease and complicated by infectious diseases. Working in these communities has spurred my desire to acquire the requisite research skills to understand existing health disparities in marginalized populations and reduce these health inequities. Hence my reason for undertaking an MSc. degree in Medical Science and working at Kidney Health Education and Research Group.After the completion of my MSc. degree. I intend to pursue a Ph.D., which would allow me to pursue new questions and delve into specific research areas that will benefit marginalized groups. With a Ph.D., I hope to obtain a faculty position where I can continue my research interests and teach students. With my research, I hope to contribute to creating sustainable health policies that will improve health outcomes.
Aisha Adil
Aisha is an MSc graduate student through Institute of Medical Science atUniversity of Toronto under the supervision of Dr. Siba Haykal and Dr. Golnaz Karoubi. Her research location is in Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories at University Health Network. Aisha previously obtained an Honours Bachelor of Science at the University of Toronto, with a specialization in Health and Disease before proceeding to graduate studies. Her research focuses on tissue engineering composite rat hindlimbs using tissue de- and recellularization for vascular composite allotransplantation (VCA). She has published her work on decellularization of the rat hindlimb and is currently assessing recellularization strategies. She is a recipient of numerous awards including the Banting and Best Canada Graduate Scholarship (CGS-M). She has presented her graduate work at various conferences locally and nationally. She aspires to continue in academia medicine by pursuing further doctorate training through a clinician-scientist pathway.
Evaluation of indications for genetic assessment in living kidney transplant donors and relevant Canadian practices in light of the current international guidelines
Ke Fan Bei, Aisha Adil, Somaya Zahran, Princess Okoh, Ahsan Alam
Background: End stage renal disease (ESRD) is a prevalent condition with tendency to familial clustering in up to 27% of the affected individuals. Living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) is a superior treatment option for kidney. However, in the United States, 40% of all living kidney donors (LKDs) are biologically related to their recipients which makes these recipients liable to worse graft survival and subjects donors to higher future risk of ESRD. Although not fully understood, this observation could be partially explained by genetic predisposition to kidney diseases.
Although genetic testing of potential LKDs could be of utmost importance as it improves risk assessment and informs the safety of donation, the strategy to evaluate these donors is still evolving and there are no clear recommendations in the light of the current international guidelines which are largely based on expert opinions due to lack of a reliable body of evidence to support strong recommendations and inefficiency of the current testing modalities.
Within the Canadian context, there is no standard-of-practice that unites different transplant centers regarding indications of genetic assessment for LKDs.
Method: International guidelines were reviewed to compare the indications for genetic assessment of LKDs for underlying CKD-predisposing genotype. Surveys were sent to 25 Canadian transplant centers to examine their protocols for LKDs genetic assessment.
Conclusion: This study aims to provide an overview of the current practices of the Canadian transplant centers regarding genetic assessment of LKDs, hoping to guide future directions to promote their outcomes.
Exploring the ethical considerations of direct contact in pediatric organ transplantation; A qualitative study
Authors
Jordan Joseph Wadden, Ethics Department, Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences, and Department of Philosophy, University of British Columbia
Jordan Hermiston, Family Services, BC Transplant, Provincial Health Services Authority
Alice Virani, Ethics Services, Provincial Health Services Authority, and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia
Tom D. Blydt-Hansen, Department of Pediatrics (Nephrology), University of British Columbia, and Multi-Organ Transplant Program, BC Children’s Hospital
Ranjeet Dhaliwal, Patient and Family Partner
Shelby Gielen, Patient and Family Partner
Abstract
Background: Non-anonymized direct contact between organ recipient and donor families has been explored internationally in the adult context, including the recent development of such a program in British Columbia. However, there is limited discussion about whether direct contact should be extended to pediatric settings due to clinician and researcher concerns of the potential harms to pediatric patients.
Methods: This qualitative project draws on narrative interviews with pediatric recipients, their families, and organ donor families. Interviews were semi-structured and deliberately naive to ensure participant-centred knowledge translation. Interview questions fell into three broad categories: developing context, determining the harms and benefits of direct contact, and identifying needs and safeguards. Interviews were conducted in two stages: those who were further removed from the transplant process occurred first and informed the approach to interviews with those who more recently went through the transplant process.
Results: Twenty-nine individuals participated in twenty in-depth interviews, where some interviews included multiple participants from the same family. Participants were pediatric recipients and families who have aged out and are now in the adult program (n=13), pediatric recipients and families who are still in the pediatric program (n=11), and family members of organ donors (n=5). The study included participants from three major organ systems: kidney (adult n=3, adolescent n=6), heart (adult n=4, adolescent n=2), and liver (adult n=3, adolescent n=6). Eleven recipients indicated they had already met their donor family (n=5) or had learned substantial identifying information about them (n=6). Across all groups, only five participants expressed that direct contact might cause harm or discomfort, while twenty-three indicated they saw significant potential for benefits. Nearly half (n=14) focused instead on the harms to others rather than themselves, and nearly two-thirds (n=20) focused more on the benefits for others than benefits to themselves.
Conclusion: This study indicates that expanding direct contact to the pediatric transplant community may provide more benefits than harms to both recipients and donor families. Likewise, this expansion could take a harm reduction approach to mitigate the effects incurred by those who seek out information even where no direct contact program exists. Therefore, current practices employed in protecting patients and families from harm may have moved beyond reasonable measures. These results suggest a need to revisit assumptions in our practice as clinicians and researchers.
RJ Sigurdson’s bio
RJ was elected on April 16, 2019 as the Member of the Legislative Assembly for the Highwood constituency, and was appointed as Parliamentary Secretary for EMS Reform on April 24th, 2022.
Prior to serving as a Member, RJ worked with Avalanche Air Systems as a senior project/general manager and shareholder. He also has extensive experience as a red seal sheet metal worker.
He grew up working on 40-acre family farm north of Cochrane. He also found additional work in high school on the farms of nearby families.
His mother, Ann Sigurdson, was a nurse for 35 years and his father, Richard Sigurdson, ran a successful private ambulance service for 25 years.
After high school, RJ went to work in the oil and gas industry on a conventional drilling rig. When he returned to Calgary years later, he started working in construction and attending SAIT to obtain his Red Seal Journeyman status. He has worked as a Project Manager for one of the largest design-build mechanical companies.
He has been an active volunteer with organizations in the community such as Shriners International.
RJ has been married to his wife Leanne for over 10 years. Together they raise 3 children. In his free time, he enjoys spending time with his family, as well as camping, fishing and hunting.
Jorge Castillo-Prado’s bio
Wajiha Ghazi’s bio
Wajiha Ghazi is a Master’s student working in clinical research at Toronto General Hospital. She is passionate about assessing physical function and physical activity of patients in clinical settings. Her current research work focuses on the assessment of physical function among kidney transplant recipients using patient-reported outcomes. She is enthusiastic about integrating physical function assessments in routine clinical care using patient reported outcomes.
Juliana Wu’s bio
Juliana Wu is the Director of Acute and Ambulatory Care InformationServices at the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI). Juliana has almost 20 years of progressive leadership and management experience across CIHI’s administrative databases, clinical registries and the corporate data request program. Juliana is responsible for the Canadian Organ Replacement Register (CORR) operations at CIHI, and also leads the CIHI team in the CIHI-Infoway joint initiative (funded by Health Canada) to develop a pan-Canadian Organ Donation and Transplantation Data and Reporting System.
Tina Robinson’s bio
Coming soon.
Veronica McKinney’s bio
Dr. Veronica McKinney is the Director of Northern Medical Services, a department of the College of Medicine, Univ. of Saskatchewan. Veronica is of Cree/Métis descent and provides leadership in health development, working with rural and remote northern Saskatchewan Indigenous communities; the Saskatchewan Health Authority; and various health organizations, tribal councils and bands to support and promote the continued evolution and advancement of healthy communities, families and people. She is an Assistant Professor and Chair of the Indigenous Health Committee, College of Medicine, Univ. of Sask. She teaches and promotes Indigenous Health at the Univ. of Saskatchewan, as well as serving on many boards and committees at local, provincial and federal levels. She practices clinical medicine at the Westside Community Clinic in Saskatoon. She has provided services as a Family Practitioner, Emergency Room Physician, Nurse and Lab Technologist over a span of 30 years. She believes strongly in her traditional cultural teachings and applies them to her practice of medicine. She is a strong advocate for Indigenous people’s health, having witnessed and experienced the inequities firsthand.
Terri Hansen-Gardiner’s bio
Terri Hansen-Gardiner is a Cree speaking Metis woman from Northern Saskatchewan as well as a 10 year Breast Cancer Survivor. Her tireless spirit and dedication to her community is undeniable. Terri is a cancer survivor who travels around the province to provide assistance, information, and support to Indigenous patients who are trying to access and navigate the cancer care system.
A former provincial and federal government employee, she started working with the Saskatoon Health Region as an Aboriginal Client Advocate shortly after she was diagnosed with cancer. It was while going through the cancer care system on her own that she saw a great need to be filled. From May to August, she talks to around 3,000 people across the province, and sometimes visits as many as seven communities in a week.
Today, Terri is the knowledge keeper for the Saskatchewan Cancer Care Agency, Saskatchewan Health Authority and Saskatchewan Network Environments for Indigenous Health Research.
Peggy John’s bio
Peggy John, Associate Director, Organ and Tissue Donation and Transplantation, Canadian Blood Services
Of her 30+ years of work in communications, Peggy is most proud of the last decade (12 years actually) and the work she’s done or lead in support of organ and tissue donation and transplantation awareness. Prior to joining CBS, she led the communications and community outreach team at BC Transplant where she established the agency’s ‘Live Life Pass it On” brand, led the development of partnerships with Service BC and ICBC to provide in person opportunities to register, and worked with Global TV to organize Canada’s first national organ donor registration drive. Peggy has been with Canadian Blood Services for just over six years and is honoured to lead a team whose work in education and awareness aims to inspire a culture among Canadians where organ donation is the norm.
Rohit Malyala’s bio
Rohit Malyala is a fourth-year MD Candidate at the University of BritishColumbia. Prior to medical school, he earned his BHSc. from McMaster University in 2019. He has a passion for working at the nexus of machine learning, classic statistics, and medical device engineering with clinical research to yield actionable insights for the selection and treatment of renal transplant patients, and to optimize post-surgical outcomes in urologic patients.
Determination of blood pressure targets for goal-directed anesthesia in renal transplant
Nick Habibi, Anna-Lisa Nguyen, Erika Escamilla, Lucie Hammond, Hana Mehdic, Sasha Vozynuk, Christopher Nguan
Intraoperative low blood pressure can impact a newly transplanted kidney’s health, but it is unclear how best to characterize this hypotension, and what targets are most appropriate for transplant operations. We thus investigated whether different ways of representing intraoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP) correlated with incidence of delayed graft function (DGF), defined as need for dialysis within one week of transplant.
We characterized intraoperative hypotension as the lowest MAP below various absolute or relative thresholds for a minimum of 5 minutes or 10 minutes just after connecting the kidney to the recipient’s blood supply. Relative thresholds were described in terms of percent MAP drop compared to pre-transplant readings. We used logistic regression to model whether there was a relationship between these methods of describing hypotension, and DGF. We then compared the strength of association between absolute/relative thresholds on DGF incidence using C-statistics. We separated analyses between deceased donation kidneys by cardiac death (DCD), and neurologically-determined death (NDD).
225 patients (81 DCD, 144 NDD) were included, with 71 DGF events. For DCD kidneys, having a lowest absolute MAP below 80mmHg resulted in a near doubling of DGF incidence. Using a 5-minute minimum time-under-threshold, DGF rates increased from 25% at 80-85mmHg versus 57.5% at 70-75mmHg (p=0.127), and using a 10-minute minimum time-under-threshold, 12.5% vs 68.8% for the same thresholds, p=0.029. Lower MAP thresholds progressed towards worse outcomes in DCD kidneys, but no similar hypotension susceptibility was noted in NDD kidneys between 50-90mmHg. Also, using relative thresholds did not improve DGF predictions.
Overall in this early retrospective study, use of relative MAP thresholds in characterizing transplant hypotension did not have any predictive benefit over absolute thresholds. DCD kidneys may benefit from relatively high MAP targets over NDD kidneys.
Christopher Calara’s bio
Christopher Calara is the Director of Hospital Programs, Performance andEvaluation for Ontario Health, Trillium Gift of Life Network. He holds a Master’s Degree in Nursing and is an Adjunct Lecturer with the University of Toronto, Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing. He specializes in health care performance and system alignment previously holding managerial positions in Critical Care, Emergency Departments, Mental Health and Respiratory Services.
Dima Kabbani’s bio
Dr. Dima Kabbani is an Assistant Professor in the division of infectious diseases at the University of Alberta. Her clinical focus is infections in the immunocompromised host. She is the education lead for the transplant Infectious diseases fellowship program at the University of Alberta. Her research areas include the epidemiology and outcomes of infections in organ transplant recipients and more recently response to COVID-19 vaccines in organ transplant.
Caroline Piotrowski’s bio
Dr. Caroline Piotrowski is an associate professor in the Department ofCommunity Health Sciences at the University of Manitoba. She is also a Scientist at the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba and is founding Director of the Violence and Injury Prevention Research Group at the University of Manitoba. Her areas of research expertise include sibling relationships, trauma and resilience in children and families, and post traumatic growth. Her most recent work has focused on the well-being of siblings of children with chronic kidney disease.
Kednapa Thavorn’s bio
Dr. Kednapa Thavorn is a Senior Scientist and a Scientific Lead of HealthEconomics at the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. She is also an Associate Professor with the School of Epidemiology and Public Health at the University of Ottawa, and an Adjunct Scientist at ICES (Full Status). She holds a Ph.D. in Health Services Research from the Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (IHPME), University of Toronto. She completed post-doctoral fellowship programs in Applied Pharmacoeconomics from the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital and Health Services Research from the IHPME, University of Toronto. Her research focuses on health economics, health technology assessment, pharmacoepidemiology, health equity, care for people with complex needs, and population health. As a health economist, she has collaborated with researchers and policymakers in Canada and internationally on various health services research projects.
Laurie Lee’s bio
Catherine Burton’s bio
Dr. Catherine Burton is an Assistant Professor at the University of Alberta.Dr. Burton’s primary areas of research is in immunizations and vaccine preventable diseases in children, especially immunocompromised children who often require alternate vaccine schedules and/or vaccine dosing to ensure optimal protection. Much of her immunization related research is in collaboration with national networks including the Special Immunization Clinic network and the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program with current studies looking at the use of live varicella vaccine in children who have had solid organ transplants and evaluating the immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in children who have had organ transplants.
Sarah Belga’s bio
Dr. Belga is a Clinical Assistant Professor at the University of BritishColumbia (UBC). She received her medical degree from the University of Lisbon. She completed her training in Infectious Disease at the University of Alberta followed by a one-year fellowship in Transplant Infectious Disease at the same institution. Additionally, she rotated through the Immunocompromised Host Infectious Diseases service at Stanford Hospital and Transplant and Oncology Infectious Diseases service at the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute. She joined the Transplant Infectious Disease program for the province of British Columbia in 2019. Her clinical responsibilities include the care of pre- and post-transplant patients at Vancouver General Hospital. Her research interests include latent viral infections in transplantation and immune monitoring strategies in transplantation, that allow personalized medicine and individualized approaches to care. Her other interests include Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Clinical Trials and Drug Safety.
Mingyao Liu’s bio
Dr. Liu is a Senior Scientist and Head of the Respiratory and Critical CareResearch Group at Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN. Dr. Liu holds the James and Mary Davie Chair in Lung Injury, Repair and Regeneration. Dr. Liu is the Director of the Institute of Medical Science and a Professor of Surgery, Medicine and Physiology at the Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto.
Dr. Liu has devoted his research on acute lung injury and lung transplantation. As a co-founder of the Latner Labs, Dr. Liu has teamed up with his colleague, Dr. Shaf Keshavjee, to develop ambitious lung transplantation research goals. Currently, he focuses on cellular and molecular mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury in lung transplants, and developing new lung preservation solutions, EVLP perfusates and techniques.
He has received a number of research awards, including Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.
Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of human lung transplant injury
Cold preservation and warm reperfusion are unavoidable steps of organ transplantation. These dramatic changes add stresses to the grafts, induce so called ischemia-reperfusion injury that led to primary graft dysfunction. To study the underlying mechanisms, animal models and clinical observations are the major tools. Over the past twenty years, we have developed a tissue bank to collect specimens from lung tissues, EVLP perfusate, patients’ plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Recently, we used these samples to study the expression of genes (transcriptomics), proteins (proteomics), and metabolites (metabolomics). Omics is the way to study all the targeted molecules all together, in order to figure out the underlying pathways and mechanisms. These studies revealed important mechanisms that can be used as targets for develop new therapeutics.
Original title: Omics and ischemia-reperfusion injury in human lung transplants
Melanie Talson’s bio
Melanie Talson, MA, Patient Partnerships and Capacity Building Manager,Can-SOLVE CKD Network. Melanie holds a Master’s degree from the University of Victoria and has completed two years of a PhD in medical anthropology. She has been involved in health promotion research since 2003 and, specifically, kidney health-related research since 2018. As an experienced qualitative researcher with a passion for patient engagement and participatory action research, she puts a strong emphasis on patients as co-creators of knowledge. Melanie believes in the critical importance of conducting research ‘with people not on people’ and is delighted to be working with the Network to continue to support patient oriented research.
Amy Thachil’s bio
Amy Thachil is a master’s student in the laboratory of Dr. Tom Blydt-Hansenat the BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute. She completed her undergraduate degree in human biology and immunology at the University of Toronto. She is currently pursuing her masters in experimental medicine at the University of British Columbia. Her work will focus on immunometabolomic biomarkers of transplant outcomes in kidney transplant recipients.
Lindsay Thompson’s bio
After 35 years of working in various roles in the Health Care field, I was diagnosed with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. I required chemotherapy, radiation and a Bone Marrow Transplant to reclaim a degree of healthy living. Since then, I have been an active volunteer in patient education and advocacy, education for health care practitioners and a frequent storyteller regarding survivorship. I use my lived and professional experience to support research and professional education within my different roles, including being a Patient, Family, and Donor Partner with The Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program.
Jennifer Kingdon’s bio
Jennifer Kingdon is a patient caregiver partner from Burlington, Ontario. She is a teacher and counsellor with over 20 years of experience as the founder and head consultant of Kingdon and Associates. She has been recognized for impactful, innovative strategies with neurodiverse individuals.
Jennifer’s son Jacob was born with cardiomyopathy and had two heart transplants as an infant at SickKids hospital in Toronto. She continues to be Jacob’s advocate in his young adulthood. Over the years, Jennifer has played an active role in the transplant community, including the Transplant Games, Transplant Associations, transplant family support groups, and as a partner with various research projects through the CDTRP. She helped organize a fundraiser to raise money for children and their families to attend the World Games in South Africa.
Chloe Wong-Mersereau’s bio
Chloe Wong-Mersereau (she/her) completed her master’s in social cultural anthropology at the University of Toronto. She is currently a research trainee with the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program and a research assistant on the Frictions of Futurity and Cure in Transplant Medicine project. Her research interests include patient engagement in research; aging and temporality; diaspora studies; mental health and psychosocial challenges among marginalized peoples. Methodologically Wong-Mersereau engages with a layered approach to critical discourse analysis, multimodal sensory ethnography, and digital storytelling. Over the pandemic, she worked with the Canadian Red Cross in long term care homes, COVID-testing clinics, homeless shelters, and on the housing crisis project.
Hannah Murray’s bio
Hannah is the Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement Lead for the Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Organ Donation and Transplantation at Cambridge and Newcastle Universities in the UK. She is responsible for ensuring the patient/public voice is at the heart of their research activities. Her main responsibility is to support the Unit’s Patient and Public Research Panel (PPRP). The panel brings together the views of patients, carers and the public so that the researchers may better understand the priorities, concerns and needs of the organ donation and transplantation community. She also supports the researchers to ensure PPIE is integrated into Organ Donation and transplantation research in a meaningful way.
Before becoming PPIE Lead, Hannah worked in rare disease policy and communication and she is currently studying for an MSc in Public Health. She really enjoys her role, feels very lucky and it has provided her with opportunities which she never thought she would have. She has met some wonderful people, patients, carers, and researchers and it is their experiences, their determination and their hard work which is truly inspiring.
For further information on the BTRU and its research please visit the website: https://odt.btru.nihr.ac.uk/
Michaël Chassé’s bio
Michaël Chassé is a critical care physician at the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), senior scientist at the CHUM Research Centre and assistant professor at the Department of Medicine and School of Public Health of the Université de Montréal. He holds a PhD in epidemiology from the University of Ottawa. Dr. Chassé is the Scientific Director of the Centre for Integration and Analysis of Medical Data (CITADEL) at CHUM. CITADEL brings together a group of scientists and professionals specialized in health sciences, biostatistics, bioinformatics and machine learning.
Michaël Chassé est médecin spécialiste en soins intensifs au Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), scientifique principal au Centre de recherche du CHUM et professeur adjoint au département de médecine et à l’École de Santé Publique de l’Université de Montréal. Il est titulaire d’un doctorat en épidémiologie de l’Université d’Ottawa. Le Dr Chassé est le directeur scientifique du Centre d’intégration et d’analyse de données médicales (CITADEL) du CHUM. CITADEL réunit un groupe de scientifiques et de professionnels spécialisés dans les sciences de la santé, la biostatistique, la bioinformatique et l’apprentissage automatique.
Nicolas Sauthier’s bio
Nicolas began his education with a bachelor’s degree in biomedical engineering at Polytechnique Montreal. Afterwards, he completed a medical training and residency in Anesthesiology and Critical Care at the University of Montreal. The combination of technology and health has always been fascinating to him, especially the valorization of massive databases and their use to solve concrete clinical problems. This motivated him to do, in parallel to his residency, a master’s degree in biomedical sciences, option computational medicine, under the supervision of Dr. Michaël Chassé.
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Bio de Nicolas Sauthier
Nicolas a débuté sa formation par un baccalauréat en génie biomédical à Polytechnique Montréal. Par la suite, il a complété une formation en médecine puis une résidence en anesthésiologie et en soins intensifs à l’Université de Montréal. La combinaison technologie et santé a toujours été fascinante à ses yeux, en particulier la valorisation des bases de données massives et leur utilisation pour résoudre des problèmes cliniques concrets. Cela l’a motivé à faire, en parallèle de ma résidence, une maîtrise en sciences biomédicales, option médecine computationelle, sous la direction du Dr Michaël Chassé.
Golnaz Karoubi’s bio
Dr. Golnaz Karoubi is Assistant Scientist at the Toronto General HospitalResearch Institute and principal investigator in the Latner Thoracic Research Labs. She currently holds an Assistant Professor appointment in the department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and a cross-appointment in the department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Toronto. Dr. Karoubi received her PhD in Applied Science and Engineering at the University of Toronto and joined the Lung Regenerative Medicine Program in the Department of Clinical Research in Berne University, Switzerland for a post-doctoral research fellowship. She stayed on as a Group Leader in 2008 to direct the basic and transitional science as related to Cancer Stem Cell and Lung Regenerative Medicine in the Department of Biomedical Research at the University of Berne until 2012. In early 2012, she joined the team of Dr. Tom Waddell at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute as a Senior Scientific Associate and was appointed to Assistant Scientist at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (University Health Network) in November 2019 and to Assistant Professor in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology in July 2020.
Her research interests include development of practical approaches for treatment of lung and airway disease. Studies focus on: (1) Lung, tracheal and airway regeneration; (2) Use of pluripotent derived airway epithelial cells for tissue engineering applications; and (3) cell-based therapeutic approaches for end-stage lung disease.
Repopulation of Long Segment Tracheal Allografts for Transplantation
The generation of bioengineered tissues and organs is an exciting field of research which in the future, can possibly lead to a new source of grafts for transplantation. Using biological scaffolds and recipient-derived stem cells, we aim to generate bioengineered tracheas for eventual transplantation. Importantly, the use of recipient’s own cells would prevent rejection and eliminate the need for immune suppression significantly increasing patient quality of life. This has wide implications for not only tracheal transplantation but across all solid organs.
Dr. Siba Haykal’s bio
Dr. Haykal graduated from the University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine in2007 as class valedictorian and silver medalist, and subsequently completed her residency training in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the University of Toronto in 2016. During her residency, she completed a four-year Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD) in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and immunology with a focus on tracheal reconstruction. She obtained numerous grants and awards including a CIHR Vanier Scholarship. Dr. Haykal then pursued fellowship training in microsurgical reconstruction at the Albany Medical Centre in New York. Dr. Haykal joined the University Health Network and the Toronto General Hospital in 2018. Her clinical focus is on complex oncological reconstruction and microsurgical reconstruction of the breast, head and neck and extremity. She started a lymphedema program in 2019 where she offers microsurgical techniques for the treatment of lymphedema.
Her research focuses on tissue-engineered techniques for tracheal reconstruction and the immunology of vascularized composite allotransplantation as well as long term outcomes of lymphedema surgery.
Dr. Haykal has been the recipient of numerous grants (most recently NFRF and CIHR) and awards for her clinical, academic and research work, and is the author of several peer-reviewed publications. In 2021, Dr. Haykal was named as an honoree of Canada’s Top 40 under 40. She was also recently awarded Top 40 under 40 by the Association of Women Surgeons.
Sofia Ahmed’s bio
Dr. Ahmed is a Professor in the Cumming School of Medicine at the University of Calgary. The recipient of the 2022 Hypertension Canada Senior Investigator Award, she is a nephrologist and clinician-scientist with a focus on sex and gender differences in human cardiovascular/kidney physiology and clinical outcomes. Dr. Ahmed is the Vice Chair (Research) for the Department of Medicine, Lead of the Libin Institute Women’s Cardiovascular Health Research Initiative at the University of Calgary and Lead of the Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Capacity Development Platform. Dr. Ahmed is an Advisory Board member for the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Gender and Health, a member of the Canadian Medical Association Journal Governing Council and the President-Elect for the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences.
Dr. Ahmed completed her MD and internal medicine residency at the University of Toronto and a nephrology fellowship at Brigham and Women’s and Massachusetts General Hospitals in Boston. She completed her Master’s in Medical Sciences at Harvard University. The recipient of the 2021 Canadian Medical Association May Cohen Award for Women Mentors and the 2020 American Society of Nephrology Distinguished Mentor Award, Dr. Ahmed is strong proponent of the importance of mentorship and fostering excellence in the next generation of researchers.
Fraser Allan Best’s bio
Fraser Allan Best is a Toronto-based photographer and filmmaker with a background in television news. After leaving his role as a Capitol Hill correspondent in Washington, Fraser received a life-saving liver transplant in 2020. Since then, he has focused on documentary filmmaking, exploring organ transplantation stories, including a feature-length film about his own transplant journey, currently in production.
Ryanna Bowling’s bio
Ryanna Bowling is a program lead at the Canadian Institute for HealthInformation (CIHI), responsible for stakeholder engagement for the ODT Data and Performance Reporting Project. She previously led engagement and capacity building initiatives at CIHI for Health Workforce Information and completed her Master’s in Health Administration residency with CIHI’s Data Division’s Strategic Initiatives team. Ryanna is dedicated to engaging and collaborating with stakeholders to ensure a project’s successful execution, with the intention to achieve CIHI’s vision for Better Data. Better decisions. Healthier Canadians.
Rachel McGihon’s bio
Rachel McGihon is a program specialist at CIHI, responsible for supporting a broad set of stakeholder engagement and content development activities for the CIHI-Infoway ODT Data and Performance Reporting Project. Prior to this role, Rachel worked in health services research and disease surveillance at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids). An epidemiologist by training, she is passionate about using data to support improvements in health care and health system performance.
Denis Claude Roy’s bio
Professor of medecine at the Université de Montreal, Denis Claude Roy isFounder and Director of the Institut Universitaire d’Hémato-Oncologie et de Thérapie Cellulaire (IUHOTC), and Centre d’excellence en thérapie cellulaire (CETC), à l’Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, CIUSSS-East-Island-of-Montréal; CEO of CellCAN Canadian Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Network for Knowledge Mobilization (Network of Centres of Excellence); and Chief Scientific Officer of C3i, the Centre for Commercialization of Cancer Immunotherapy and Regenerative Medicine. He is also co-director of ThéCell, the Québec Cell, Tissue and Gene Therapy Network of the Fonds de recherche du Québec – Santé.
Trained in tumor immunology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston (USA), his translational and clinical research focuses on cell manipulation in order to improve the clinical impact of stem cells, cancer immunotherapy and regenerative medicine. The main objective of his work is to develop approaches to fight blood cancers and promote immune tolerance. He has chaired more than 15 Phase I, II and III cell therapy clinical trials at national and international levels. He has published over 130 original articles and book chapters in prestigious journals. He is developing a Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) Gene Therapy Production Unit at the CETC.
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Professeur titulaire de médecine à l’Université de Montréal, Denis Claude Roy est Directeur de l’Institut Universitaire d’Hémato-Oncologie et de Thérapie Cellulaire (IUHOTC) et du Centre d’excellence en thérapie cellulaire (CETC), à l’HMR, CIUSSS-Est-Ile-de-Montréal; directeur général de CellCAN, le réseau canadien de médecine régénérative et de thérapie cellulaire pour la mobilisation des connaissances ; et directeur scientifique de C3i : le Centre de commercialisation de l’immunothérapie du cancer et de la médecine régénératrice. Il est également codirecteur du réseau québécois (FRQS) de Thérapie cellulaire, tissulaire et génique – ThéCell.
Formé en immunologie des tumeurs au Dana-Farber Cancer Institute à Boston (USA), ses travaux de recherche translationnelle et clinique portent sur la manipulation cellulaire afin d’améliorer l’impact clinique de la greffe de cellules souches, de l’immunothérapie du cancer et de la médecine régénératrice. Ses travaux ont pour principal objectif de développer des approches pour éliminer les cancers hématologiques et favoriser la tolérance immune post-greffe. Il a présidé plus de 15 essais cliniques de thérapie cellulaire de phases I, II et III aux niveaux national et international. Il a publié plus de 130 articles originaux et chapitres de livres dans des revues prestigieuses. Il développe présentement une unité de production de vecteurs viraux de niveau de « bonnes pratiques de fabrication » (GMP) au CETC.
Paul Cormier’s bio
Originally from Montreal, QC, Paul Cormier has suffered from severe arthritis since childhood that has led to many periods of hospitalization and rehabilitation. He has completed classical and university studies and made a career in the public service.
As a kidney transplant recipient, he participates as a patient partner in various projects, including the Chaire McConnell-Université de Montréal en recherche-création sur les récits du don et de la vie en contexte de soins. Some of his creations have been published in French on the website L’Organon (lorganon.ca).
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Originaire de Montréal, QC, Paul Cormier est porteur d’une arthrite sévère depuis l’enfance ayant mené à de nombreuses périodes d’hospitalisation et de réadaptation. Il a complété des études classiques et universitaires et fait carrière dans la fonction publique.
Greffé du rein, il participe à titre de patient partenaire à divers projets, dont les ateliers de recherche-création la Chaire McConnell-Université de Montréal en recherche-création sur les récits du don et de la vie en contexte de soins. Quelques créations ont été publiées sur le site L’Organon (lorganon.ca).
Shilpa Raju’s bio
Shilpa Raju is a double lung transplant recipient and a patient partner co-lead with CDTRP’s research theme dedicated to engineering and allocating a better graft. She is now on dialysis to manage kidney failure resulting from long-term immunosuppression but continues to share her story to highlight the transformative impact of transplant, and is committed to improving the system and outcomes for future transplant recipients. Outside of her patient partner and organ donation advocacy work, she is a communicable disease epidemiologist and works for public health in Ontario.
Selina Allu’s bio
Three words can be used to describe Selina Allu – “Creator, Communicator, Connector”.
Selina is a Knowledge Translation Broker and Implementation Support Practitioner with a Master’s degree in Human/Health Geography.
Currently, she is responsible for supporting knowledge mobilization for Can-SOLVE CKD (CIHR-SPOR) kidney research projects. This national network comprises patients, researchers, health care providers and policy makers working to transform the treatment and care for Canadians living with or at risk for chronic kidney disease. As an implementation support practitioner, Selina guides teams and stakeholders on the scale, spread, sustainability, and implementation of research evidence and interventions.
Specializing in brokering relationships that require collaboration among diverse organizations, subject matter experts, policymakers and key stakeholders, Selina has extensive experience in strategic communications, and is uniquely skilled at forging effective partnerships to leverage resources and amplify messages around kidney research.
Having joint responsibilities with the Division of Nephrology at the University of Calgary and Can-SOLVE CKD, Selina is strives to see research findings applied in the real world. She has led the development and delivery of comprehensive knowledge outreach plans, including the design, planning, and execution of targeted knowledge dissemination while building strong and collaborative working relationships with stakeholders and end-users to broaden research reach and impact.
Selina is a passionate advocate for patient-centred care, a mentor, an educator, a Twitter enthusiast, and a public speaker who embraces new knowledge and creative opportunities for knowledge sharing. She is also a trained storytelling coach and loves to talk about how researchers can use storytelling and plain language to tell stories of science. She lives in Calgary with her husband and enjoys trying new recipes, traveling, loosing track of time on her stand-up paddleboard, and being outdoors as much as she can.
David Harriman’s bio
Dr. David Harriman is an active kidney transplant surgeon and AssistantProfessor in the UBC Department of Urologic Sciences in Vancouver, BC. He completed his Urology Residency at UBC then completed a 2-year accredited American Society of Transplant Surgeons (ASTS) Kidney and Pancreas Fellowship at Wake Forest University. His clinical interests include transplantation of kidneys from marginal donors and medically and surgically high risk recipients, while academically, he is interested in understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to kidney transplant dysfunction with the goal of developing new diagnostics and therapeutics.
Terry Hawrysh’s bio
Terry Hawrysh is a blood cancer survivor and proponent for a health care system that consistently delivers superior patient outcomes and experiences. Reflecting on his own cancer journey has led to an interest in cancer research and the beneficial impact of patient engagement on the translation of pre-clinical and clinical research.
He currently serves as Vice-Chair of the Ontario Institute of Cancer Research’s Patient Family Advisory Committee where he applies his lived experience as a patient partner and patient advisor on a variety of key pre-clinical and clinical research programs. He is also currently engaged with the Clinical Trials Ontario, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Leukemia Lymphoma Society of Canada, University of Toronto Centre for Sustainable Health Systems, and Ontario Health with a focus on patient-oriented research and initiatives that improve the delivery of clinical healthcare in a meaningful and impactful manner.
Terry also holds a master’s degree in engineering from Queen’s University and is a proponent of a domestic ecosystem that supports the growth and retention of our innovative health care research talent.
John Fuller’s bio
John Fuller has been a member of the Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Organ Donation and Transplantation in the UK for a number of years. As the carer of a heart transplant recipient, John has a wealth of knowledge and experience which has enriched not only the Unit’s research but also its educational, communication and engagement activities.
Margherita Cameranesi’s bio
Dr. Margherita Cameranesi is a clinical psychologist and a researcher at the University of Manitoba with experience in conducting participatory, community-directed, and patient-led research in close collaboration with patient partners and community organizations. Her research focuses on resilience, mental health, and well-being in different groups who experience challenging life circumstances and have complex needs, such as families impacted by intimate partner violence or neurodevelopmental disabilities, Indigenous families, youth with type 1 diabetes, and refugee youth.
Simon Keith C.M.
Keynote Speaker | Social Entrepreneur | Humanitarian | Philanthropist
Simon Keith is a successful businessman who is recognized as an expert in how to ‘Build Great Teams’ and ‘Build Great Leaders’.
Simon’s rich and unique background allows him to travel across various channels of enterprise with great ease and confidence. Keith is not just a former professional soccer player—he’s one of the longest-living organ transplant recipients in the world, having received a heart transplant in 1986, when he was just 21 years old. He has successfully built and sold businesses, travels the world advocating for more efficient organ donation and transplant systems, speaks to foreign governments and corporations alike, while sharing his passion that all organizations – no matter the industry – must Build Great Teams and Build Great Leaders.
In 2011 Simon travelled to Newport, Wales to meet his heart donor’s family, and it was there that the course of his changed life forever. Simon returned from the UK and got involved with the Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) in Las Vegas, Nevada – initially sitting on the Board of Directors and later taking a much more active role as the Chief Operating Officer. Simon has been credited with delivering uniquely entrepreneurial philosophies into a traditionally staid and medically driven industry that subsequently led the Nevada OPO to become then most productive OPO not only in the US, but around the world.
During this time Simon also served as a founding Board Member in his role of creating the State of Nevada’s first and only human allograft processing company – Origin Biologics.
In 2012, he founded The Simon Keith Foundation, an organization dedicated to increasing organ donor awareness and educating transplant recipients. His autobiography, Heart for the Game, details his unique life-journey. In the decade since, the Simon Keith Foundation has raised millions of dollars to support kids who have had transplants as well as spread organ donation awareness around the world.
More recently Simon has built a robust consulting business – Cambridge 85 LLC – focused on delivering unique solutions to the business of OPO’s in the US and around the world. Leadership Development at all levels, sophisticated financial transactions (specifically New Market Tax Credit deals), and targeting operational efficiencies are just a few of the channels that Simon works in.
Simon is an investor – and acts as a consultant– for Rejuvenate Kidney Transplant Solutions, a unique kidney care provider for large self-insured American companies. Partnering with Kidney Transplant Surgeon Michael Rees MD, PhD. and Stanford Professor and Nobel Prize winner, Al Roth, PhD., RKTS delivers a most unique solution to companies struggling with chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease (ESRD).
In 2022, Simon was awarded one of Canada’s highest civilian awards being named a Member of the Order of Canada.
Simon has also been named Canada’s Humanitarian of the Year award in 2015. Keith sits on the Southern Nevada Sports Hall of Fame Executive Committee, as well the Donate Life Canada Board of Directors.
Simon lives in Las Vegas, Nevada and has been married for more than 30 years to Kelly. They have three children together – Sarah, Sam and Sean.
Mai Duong’s bio
Mai Duong is an accomplished advertising strategist and co-founder of Swab The World. With over 20 years of experience in communications and media strategy with top advertising agencies in Canada, Mai has led groups of talented strategists on clients such as Red Bull, General Motors, Coke, and many others.
In 2014, Mai was diagnosed with leukemia for a second time, and a stem cell transplant was her only cure. She’d never heard of the procedure, but she quickly learned that her odds of finding a compatible match in time were incredibly low. Why? Because she’s Vietnamese. Thanks to her connections in advertising, Mai’s story was shared widely on social media, billboard ads and radio spots. The “Save Mai Duong” campaign was so successful that 20,000 new stem cell donors signed up with her local registry that year, compared to 3,000 in a typical year. After receiving a stem cell transplant, Mai decided to combine her personal and professional experience to help other patients and get more people registered as donors. In 2018, Swab The World – a Canadian start-up charity working hard to fight racial inequality in the niche field of blood cancer and stem cell donation – was born.
Swab The World’s mission is to increase awareness of stem cell donation, diversify the international database of registered donors, and help patients find stem cell donors. In just a few years, Swab The World has established a network of over 150 student volunteers across 9 universities in Canada.
Charles Cook’s bio
Charles was born and raised in the great state of Georgia, USA. He is the father of 2 fantastic young adults, a son Matthew and a daughter Chloe, and married to whom he called his rock, Monica. Charles moved to Canada in the summer of 2006. He landed in the Kitchener-Waterloo area of Ontario and he has been there ever since.
Charles is a 2-time deceased donor transplant recipient. He received his heart in 2016 and received his kidney in 2017. Both of his surgeries were performed by the incredible transplant teams at Toronto General Hospital.
He has received 2 Gifts of Life which he believes he can never pay back. Charles lives his life now doing whatever he can to pay those gifts forward. He shares the story of his journey and his lessons learned whenever and wherever he can in hopes of benefiting the patients coming along behind him.
Charles spends his time volunteering with several organizations including the Kidney Foundation, the Transplant Ambassador Program, the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP) and the ACB Organ Health YouTube Channel to name a few.
Amine Benmassaoud’s bio
Dr. Amine Benmassaoud completed his medical training and specialty training in Gastroenterology at McGill University. He then pursued a fellowship in hepatology at the Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London England thanks to the support of the CASL Clinical Fellowship award. He recently completed his Master’s in Experimental Medicine at McGill University. He is currently an assistant professor of medicine, member of the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at McGill University Health Centre in Montreal. He has received the Young Investigator Bursary given by EASL, as well as a New Investigator Scholarship by the CROI organisation. He is currently also receiving bridging support through the Department of Medicine of McGill University. He aims to improve the health of Canadians by creating a vibrant research program addressing current knowledge gaps in the field of portal hypertension and vascular liver diseases.
Esmé Dijke’s bio
Esmé Dijke is Director of the clinical histocompatibility laboratory at the University of Alberta Hospital and Assistant Professor in the Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta. Her research focuses on the potential of discarded human thymus as a novel source of clinical-grade, stable regulatory T cells (Tregs) for adoptive cell immunotherapy in transplantation and autoimmunity. When she is not working, she enjoys spending time outdoors with her husband, two boys and Bernedoodle.
Sibele Schuantes’s bio
Sibele Schuantes is a registered nurse, has a Master of Health Science and is a PhD Student at Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) – Brazil. She is a member of the Study Group on Organ and Tissue Donation for Transplants (GEDOTT) and a member of the CDTRP Allied Research in Donation and Transplantation (ARDOT) Working Group. Sibele is an international member of the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program (CDTRP) and is a member of the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation (Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos – ABTO).
Christopher Nguan’s bio
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r. Christopher Nguan is an Associate Professor at the University of British Columbia in the Department of Urological Sciences, Surgical Head of Kidney Transplantation at Vancouver General Hospital and the Director of the Surgical Technologies Experimental Laboratory & Advanced Robotics (STELLAR) facility at Vancouver General Hospital.
His research interests include investigating improved donor and recipient management in organ transplant, and the applications of technology and machine learning in improving outcomes for surgical patients.
Caroline Lamarche’s bio
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r Caroline Lamarche is a clinician scientist and transplant nephrologist at Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital. She is an assistant clinical professor at the Université de Montréal. After her nephrology training at the Université de Montréal (2015), she completed a Master degree on the use of adoptive immunotherapy to treat/prevent BK nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients. She then pursued a post-doctoral fellowship with Dr. Megan Levings at the University of British Columbia on the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) regulatory T cells (Tregs) to induce transplant tolerance. Her lab is working on the development of adoptive immunotherapy in nephrology and understanding Treg dysfunction.
Rohit Malyala’s bio
Rohit grew up in Ontario, and completed his undergraduate studies atMcMaster University in Health Sciences. There, he became interested with kidney transplant in particular, working with different nephrologists in Toronto and Hamilton to study the kidney from both a wet lab and dry lab perspective. When Rohit came to UBC for undergraduate medicine, he became exposed to the surgical side of kidney transplant—which was his first introduction to the staff urologists at UBC. Over the course of medical school, taking on different projects in endourology and transplant, he became convinced that a career in urology was right for him, subsequently matching to UBC’s highly competitive postgraduate residency training program in Urology in 2023. He is a self taught computer programmer, machine learning and biostatistics enthusiast, and outside of work, enjoys exploring beautiful BC by motorcycle, staying active in the gym, and trying out different cafes in Vancouver.
Nicole Culos-Reed’s bio
Nicole Culos-Reed, PhD, is a Professor in the Faculty of Kinesiology, Adjunct Professor Dept of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary. Nicole is a 2023 Killam Annual Professor, and is a health behaviour change researcher, holding an appointment with the Psychosocial Resources at the Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Cancer Care, AHS. Nicole studies the role of wellness behaviours in enhancing quality of life in those living with chronic disease, and how best to facilitate exercise behaviour change through building a positive motivational climate. Nicole holds numerous grants from CIHR, Canadian Cancer Society, Alberta Cancer Foundation, and from philanthropic sources. Nicole is the health behaviour change lead for the Transplant Wellness Program
Stefan Mustata’s bio
Stefan Mustata, MD is a Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine and member of the Division of Nephrology at the University of Calgary. Stefan’s research focuses primarily on the effects of exercise in patients with kidney disease. He founded the inaugural Prehabilitation Clinic for kidney transplant patients in late 2018. This clinic has focused on improving frailty and wellness in patients waiting for transplant surgery. Additionally, Stefan was the Principal Investigator on the Move More project, which examined a mobility intervention on kidney inpatients in Calgary, Alberta between 2019-2021. He is also the Medical Director for the Kidney Exercise and Educate Program (KEEP), which offers weekly online exercise classes to any patient dealing with kidney disease and their caregivers. Stefan is the Medical Director for the Transplant Wellness Program.
Maneka Perinpanayagam’s bio
Maneka Perinpanayagam, PhD is the Sr. Research Program Manager for the Transplant Wellness Program at the University of Calgary. Maneka completed a PhD in Cell Biology at the University of Alberta and a post-doctoral fellowship in Pediatric Oncology at the University of Calgary. She worked as a Clinical Researcher and a Research Program Manager for Pediatric Nephrology at the University of Calgary (2016-2022) prior to joining the Transplant Wellness team. Maneka has over 20 years of combined medical and clinical research experience and is passionate about patient-oriented research and evidence informed care.
Mary Ott’s bio
Dr. Mary Ott is an assistant professor in the Faculty of Education, York University. She holds a research appointment in the Centre for Education Research & Innovation, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University with expertise in qualitative methods for health sciences research. Dr. Ott led the analysis for this qualitative study exploring stakeholder perceptions of the ethics of normothermic regional perfusion and the implications for maintaining public trust in organ donation and transplantation.
Kendra-Lee Dupuis’ bio
Kendra-Lee completed her undergraduate degree at Brock University in 2018, obtaining a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN). After completion of this program, she went forth to obtain her nursing license and worked as a registered nurse in various settings including emergency departments and public/ school health. More recently, beginning in September 2023, she has returned to Brock University in the Faculty of Applied Health Science where she aims to obtain a Master of Arts degree with a specialization in Nursing.
Ana Konvalinka’s bio
Dr. Ana Konvalinka (MD, PhD, FRCPC) is a clinician scientist and transplant nephrologist at the University Health Network in Toronto. She is an Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto and a Senior Scientist at Toronto General Hospital Research Institute. She was born and raised in Belgrade, former Yugoslavia, and moved to Canada in 1993. Following a bachelor’s degree in Human Biology at the University of Toronto, Dr. Konvalinka completed medical studies at the University of Ottawa in 2003. She then completed internal medicine and nephrology training in Toronto in 2008. She subsequently embarked on a PhD in basic science, under the supervision of Dr. James Scholey and Dr. Eleftherios Diamandis. Her PhD thesis addressed the effect of angiotensin II on the proteome of primary human proximal tubular cells, and the relevance of this effect in vivo. Following completion of her PhD in 2013, she went on to do the clinical kidney transplant fellowship at Toronto General Hospital. Dr. Konvalinka joined faculty at the University Health Network in 2015.
Her main clinical and research interests are in antibody-mediated rejection and kidney allograft fibrosis. She utilizes systems biology approaches and proteomics to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms, derive novel markers and to repurpose drugs for treatment of kidney disease. Dr. Konvalinka is the director of the Multi-Organ Transplant biobank for kidney, pancreas, and liver transplant programs at the Ajmera Transplant Centre. She has received international research awards (the Human Proteome Project (2016), the American Society of Transplantation Faculty-Development Research Grant (2016) and the Advances in Organ Transplantation Award (2015)) and national research awards (Canadian Society of Transplantation Research Excellence Award (2020), Canadian Society of Nephrology New Investigator Lectureship (2017) and the KRESCENT New Investigator Award (2016)).
Natasha Aleksova’s bio
Natasha obtained her medical degree in 2011 from the University of Western Ontario, and then completed her internal medicine training at McMaster University and cardiology residency at the University of Ottawa Heart Institute. She returned to Toronto to complete a 2-year fellowship in advanced heart failure and transplantation at Toronto General Hospital and a subsequent echocardiography fellowship at Mount Sinai Hospital. Natasha obtained her MSc in Health Research Methodology from McMaster University under the supervision of Dr. Gordon Guyatt. Her research interests include the evaluation of outcomes in heart transplant recipients and in patients supported with mechanical circulatory support, as well as the appraisal of national listing organ allocation polices in heart transplantation.
Amit Garg’s bio
Dr. Amit Garg is a world-renowned nephrologist and clinician-scientist. He is a Professor with the Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics and holds the endowed Dr. Adam Linton Chair in Kidney Health Analytics at Schulich Medicine & Dentistry. Dr Garg serves as the Medical Director for the Living Kidney Donor Program at London Health Sciences Centre and the Site Director for the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) at Western.
Dr. Garg’s research is focused on improving health outcomes for patients with kidney disease, from early diagnosis to treatment. His recent work includes recommendations for improving the evaluation and screening process for living kidney donors and transplant recipients; a study that found a common muscle relaxant may cause severe side effects among patients with low kidney function; and a new surgical method to reduce the need for blood transfusions among patients with kidney injury.
Seychelle Yohanna’s bio
Seychelle Yohanna is an assistant professor in the Department of Medicine at McMaster University and a transplant nephrologist at St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton. She completed a Master of Science in Quality Improvement and Patient Safety (University of Toronto). Her academic focus is improving access to kidney transplantation and living kidney donation for patients in Ontario with chronic kidney disease. She has a particular interest in removing system barriers to living kidney donation and leads the Hamilton One-Day Living Kidney Donor Assessment Clinic. Seychelle also leads the implementation of patient safety rounds across all clinical programs at McMaster, is heavily involved in teaching QIPS to medical trainees, participates in several hospital QIPS committees, and supervises several QIPS research projects at her institution.
Iva Bruhova’s bio
Dr. Iva Bruhova is the Business Development Manager at Brock University. Her key role is to manage Brock’s intellectual property portfolio and to advance industry research partnerships at Brock. For the past 5 years, Iva has been an integral part of the Innovation & Commercialization team, where she has helped researchers secure partnerships grants, research contracts, and commercial licenses. Iva holds a PhD in computational biochemistry and postdoctoral fellowship in biophysics. Iva enjoys fostering research partnerships and inventions that make an impact in our community.
Jagbir Gill’s bio
Dr. Jagbir Gill is currently an Associate Professor in the Division of Nephrology in the Department of Medicine at the University of British Columbia (UBC). Dr. Gill graduated from Medicine at the University of BC in 2001 and completed his post-graduate training in Internal Medicine and Nephrology at UBC in 2006.
Dr. Gill completed a post-doctoral fellowship in kidney transplantation at the University of California, Los Angeles as part of the KRESCENT program and obtained a Masters degree in Public Health from Harvard University. He returned to Vancouver in 2008 and has been on staff at St. Paul’s Hospital since. His primary clinical focus is in renal transplantation and his research interests are in transplant epidemiology and database analyses, examining access to transplantation, expansion of organ donation, and the impact of donor status on post-transplant health outcomes.
Grand Chief Stewart Phillip’s bio
In October 2008, Grand Chief Stewart Phillip concluded his fourth consecutive four year term as Chief of the Penticton Indian Band (PIB), and served the Band as Chief for a total of 16 years. In addition, he served as an elected Band Councilor for a 10-year period. Aside from serving as a member of the PIB Council for a total of 24 years, and served as the Chair of the Okanagan Nation Alliance for 15 years.
In October 2006, the Okanagan Nation, led by the Elders of the Penticton Indian Band, acknowledged his lifetime commitment to the defense of Indigenous Peoples’ Title and Rights by bestowing on him and his family the rare honour of the title of Grand Chief.
Over 38 years, Grand Chief Stewart Phillip worked within the Penticton Indian Band Administration holding a variety of positions such as Band Administrator, Director of Land Management, Education Counselor, Economic Development Officer and Band Planner.
Aside from serving as a member of the PIB council for a total of 24 years, he is proud to be in his eighth three-year term as the President of the Union of BC Indian Chiefs.
He has taken an active role in the defense of Aboriginal Title and Rights by readily offering support to Native communities in need. He has taken a personal approach seeing first-hand the impact of fish farms in the Broughton Archipelago, lobbying on Parliament Hill to defeat the First Nations Governance Act, standing with Elders of Treaty 8 against oil and gas development in the Peace River, burning referendum ballots with fellow chiefs in protest and has stood on the steps of the Legislature with 3000 other people united under the Title and Rights Alliance banner. In November 2018, Grand Chief Phillip was awarded a Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, from the University of British Columbia for his life-long advocacy and work.
Celia Deschambeault’s bio
Celia Deschambeault has been an educator for over 20 years. She has worked in many capacities from being an elementary teacher, high school teacher, vice-principal, principal, coordinator, consultant, superintendent and finally director of education. She holds a Bachelor of Education with distinction, Bachelor of Arts, Master of Education and is currently pursuing a doctorate degree at the University of Regina. Celia is currently the Director of Education for Nisto Awasisak Memorial School in Cumberland House Cree Nation. She has made phenomenal changes in the school which includes making Swampy Cree language and Land-Based Education a foundation. Those changes support decolonization and the evitalization of Swampy Cree Language. Celia is also a Cree Language resource developer and has recently supported Saskatoon Catholic, Sask. Rivers, Northwest School Division and Meadow Lake Tribal Council in Language and decolonization. Her passion is making meaningful change in education.
Cindy Moriarty’s bio
Cindy Moriarty is the Director General, Health Programs and Strategic Initiatives at Health Canada. She is responsible for a number of program and policy areas including sexual reproductive health, thalidomide, sex and gender based analysis, brain health research, blood research and organ donation and transplantation. She is leading the work of the Organ Donation and Transplantation Collaborative (the Collaborative), a collaboration of provincial governments, clinicians, patients and stakeholders in the sector. The Collaborative is a time limited and transformative initiative aimed to make improvements in the system and ultimately patient outcomes across Canada. Cindy has held various positions at Health Canada and previously worked over twenty years in the not-for-profit sector in the areas of anti-poverty, homelessness and international development.
Craig Settee’s bio
Craig Settee is Anishinaabe and Néhinaw (Swampy Cree) from Fisher RiverCree Nation and grew up in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He is a living kidney donor to his brother and previous patient partner with the Network. He brings this lived experience to his role as Cultural Competency Manager.
Craig has several years of experience working as a cultural support worker, action therapist and community organizer with First Nations and inner-city community-based organizations. He is passionate about increasing Indigenous representation and amplifying Indigenous voices to foster more collaborative working relationships. He is a strong believer in patient-oriented research and provides support to Indigenous patient partners, projects and partnerships within the Can-SOLVE CKD Network.
Chelsea is an Ontario based Advanced Care and Community Paramedic,educator and researcher. She is an adjunct lecturer at Monash University in Australia, and holds an MSc in Critical Care with a dissertation focussed on organ donation subsequent to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Her research interests and developing program of study include looking at opportunities for donation from the out-of-hospital environment, and the role of paramedics in donation pathways
Dr. Tandon is an Associate Professor of Medicine, Co-Director of the Cirrhosis Care Clinic, Transplant Hepatologist and lead of the Cirrhosis Care Alberta quality improvement program. She obtained her training at the University of Alberta, the Hospital Clinic in Barcelona and Yale University. Her clinical practice and research are focused on cirrhosis with research interests including cirrhosis related complications, malnutrition, frailty, exercise therapy, palliative care, integrative health approaches such as meditation and knowledge translation. It is her career goal to provide wholistic, interdisciplinary, evidence based, patient-centered care through education, empowerment, engagement and team-work.
Emily is a PhD student at the University of Alberta, where she completed her Master of Science (MSc) degree in medicine. With a passion for patient-oriented research and a commitment to improving health outcomes, Emily’s doctoral project focuses on EMPOWER, a 12-week online mind-body wellness program designed for adults living with chronic health conditions.
Dr Basil S. Nasir, M.B.B.Ch
Thoracic Surgeon at CHUM
After completing a general surgery residency at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, and in cardiothoracic surgery at the University of Alabama in Birmingham, he completed a Fellowship at the CHUM in advanced minimally invasive endoscopy techniques. He subsequently completed a second Fellowship at Duke University in lung transplant.
He was hired by the CHUM in 2018, where he has been working as a thoracic surgeon, specializing in the treatment of malignant and benign diseases of the lung, esophagus and mediastinum in addition to lung transplantation.
Dr. Victor Ferreira is an Assistant Scientist in the Ajmera Transplant Centre at the University Health Network (UHN) and the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI). He is also an Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (LMP). He completed his PhD in Medical Sciences – Infection and Immunity Specialization at McMaster University in 2014 and post-doctoral training at UHN. His research program is focused on three pillars: I) using systems vaccinology to reveal insights into vaccine responses in immunocompromised individuals like transplant recipients; II) characterizing the impact of chronic viral infection on host immune responses; and III) developing novel methods for eliminating latent viruses in human organs. His work has been cited >2,500 times and is published in journals including the New England Journal of Medicine, Nature Immunology, the Lancet Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases, the American Journal of Transplantation and Journal of Infectious Diseases.
Prof. Corinne Hoesli is the head of the Stem Cell Bioprocessing Laboratory at McGill University. She joined the Department of 
Chemical Engineering as an Assistant Professor in August 2014. She is a biochemical engineer with expertise in bioprocess development, high‑throughput screening and stem cell culture optimization. Her research aims to develop bioprocesses to produce and transplant therapeutic cells to treat diabetes and cardiovascular disease. She notably developed new methods to encapsulate pancreatic islets, as well as vascular biomaterials surface modification strategies which are now applied by other researchers around the world. Her emerging leadership in bioengineering was recognized through the 2014 Martin Sinacore Outstanding Young Investigator Award from Engineering Conferences International & Biogen Idec, as well as the “Étoiles effervescence” award from Montreal InVivo.
Dr. Dhanani is the chief of the pediatric intensive care unit at the Children of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) in Ottawa and a Professor of pediatrics) at the University of Ottawa.
He is now the Chair of the Canadian Donation Physician Network, the Chair of Canadian Blood Services’ national Deceased Donation Advisory Committee, and a steering committee member of Health Canada’s Organ Donation and Transplantation Collaborative. Dr. Dhanani is also the Associate Director for donation research for the Canadian Donation and Transplant Research Program.
His area of focus is leading international research pertaining to practices and standards for determining death after cardiac arrest for donation.
Chantal Bémeur is a nutrition specialist in relation to liver disease and its many complications. Professor Bémeur trained as a dietitian/nutritionist and completed her graduate studies and two post-doctoral fellowships in nutrition, focusing on conditions affecting the hepatic and nervous systems, such as hepatic encephalopathy and Leigh Syndrome French Canadian. Professor Bémeur’s research activities are generally of a fundamental and clinical nature, including a collaboration with CHUM’s Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology. As an expert member of the International Society on Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism, Dr. Bémeur has participated in the development of guidelines on nutrition and liver disease. She is also part of a team of Canadian experts who developed an evidence-based nutritional education guide collaborating with people with chronic liver disease and their caregivers. She received an award from the Ordre professionnel des diététistes du Québec in 2018 for her work on this guide. Dr. Bémeur has published several book chapters, 30 scientific articles and over 100 scientific abstracts. Dr. Bémeur’s co-directs the HepatoNeuro Laboratory in the Cardiometabolic Axis of the Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM). Several organizations, including the Donation and Transplantation Research Program of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research fund Dr. Bémeur’s research.
Nicholas Murphy is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Medicine and Philosophy at Western University in London, Ontario. Supervised by CDTRP Investigators Drs. Charles Weijer and Marat Slessarev, Dr. Murphy’s research explores ethical issues in organ donation and transplantation, particularly as they relate to research with human participants.
Chantal Bémeur is a nutrition specialist in relation to liver disease and its many complications. Professor Bémeur trained as a dietitian/nutritionist and completed her graduate studies and two post-doctoral fellowships in nutrition, focusing on conditions affecting the hepatic and nervous systems, such as hepatic encephalopathy and Leigh Syndrome French Canadian. Professor Bémeur’s research activities are generally of a fundamental and clinical nature, including a collaboration with CHUM’s Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology. As an expert member of the International Society on Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism, Dr. Bémeur has participated in the development of guidelines on nutrition and liver disease. She is also part of a team of Canadian experts who developed an evidence-based nutritional education guide collaborating with people with chronic liver disease and their caregivers. She received an award from the Ordre professionnel des diététistes du Québec in 2018 for her work on this guide. Dr. Bémeur has published several book chapters, 30 scientific articles and over 100 scientific abstracts. Dr. Bémeur’s co-directs the HepatoNeuro Laboratory in the Cardiometabolic Axis of the Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM). Several organizations, including the Donation and Transplantation Research Program of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research fund Dr. Bémeur’s research.
Dr. Dmitry Rozenberg is a Respirologist at the University Health Network and is affiliated with the Ajmera Multi-Organ Transplant Program. He is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and has been awarded the Sandra Faire and Ivan Fecan Professorship in Rehabilitation Medicine. He began his studies in Kinesiology and Health Science at York University, which sparked his passion for physical fitness and exercise training. He went on to complete medical school at the University of Ottawa and his Internal Medicine and Respirology Training at the University of Toronto. He received his PhD through the Institute of Medical Science at the University of Toronto, focusing on skeletal muscle dysfunction in lung transplantation with the support of the Eliot Phillipson Clinician-Scientist Training Program and CIHR Vanier Scholarship.
Ko Moumoukai te maunga
Ko Waitirohia te awa
Ko Takitimu te waka
Ko Ngāti Rākaipaaka te iwi
Ko Kahungunu te marae
Nō Tamaki Makaurau rāua ko whaanga Aotea ahau, engari kei Heretaunga ahau e noho ana
Ko Merryn ahau.
National Clinical Manager, Kidney Health NZ. Experienced Clinical Nurse Specialist (9 yrs Transplant Coordinator) and haemodialysis nurse, with 40 years working as a Registered Nurse in renal settings, primary care and occupational health, health education and patient advocacy. Involved in several indigenous equity research projects. Member of the CARI Indigenous Guidelines writing roopu for ‘Management of chronic kidney disease for Māori in Aotearoa/New Zealand’. Past member of the NZ National Renal Transplant Leadership Team. Member of National Clinical Networks, Renal: Models of CKD care. Co-investigator ASSET (AcceSS and Equity in Transplantation) Study. Member of Diabetes Working Group. Master of Nursing Science (2017) in qualitative research from Victoria University of Wellington – Master’s thesis – ‘It’s hard to ask’. Ngāti Rākaipaaka and pakeha, passionate about Māori health inequities and access to equitable health outcomes for Māori. ‘It’s not what you know, it’s how you show you care.’
Dr Thozama Siyotula is a distinguished paediatric surgeon at Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. With a profound interest in hepatobiliary, transplant, thoracic and neonatal surgical outcomes. She completed her undergraduate training in 2011 at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. Furthering her studies she went on to specialise in paediatric surgery through the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa, completing her FCPaedSurg (SA) in 2021 and a master’s in medicine (Paediatric Surgery) in 2021 at the University of Cape Town. She currently works as a paediatric surgeon and transplant surgeon. A senior lecture at the University of Cape Town and course convenor for the 5th year undergraduate paediatric surgery program at the University of Cape Town.
Her involvement in executive committees in a leadership position has allowed her the opportunity to lead, organize conferences, conduct research, create and implement change at various levels. She is involved as a member of SATS, SAAPS and an IPTA executive committee member for multi-organ transplant and organ allocation. She has a passion to prioritize paediatric organ allocation and strategies to improve transplant outcomes in South Africa. Past president of the South African Paediatric Surgical Trainees Association and previous executive member of South African Society of Surgeons in Training.
A recipient of the IPTA Future Leaders Career Development Award for her contributions to the field of Paediatric Solid Organ Transplantation.
Awarded the ESOT Educational Global grant for 2022 to attend the HESPERIS 2022 course in Italy. She is currently involved as a mentee in the ESOT Mentorship Programme 2024. She is the recipient of the Mail and Guardian 200 Young South Africans of 2020.
She advocates for paediatric equity to surgical access via her involvement in global Surgery. She is also an alumnus of the executive leadership in Global Surgery at the Graduate School of Business at the University of Cape Town. Her passion is that every child has access to the best surgical care regardless of their socio-economic status or geographical location in the country. She would like to be an apart of creating solutions regarding the surgical care of children in South Africa.
David Thomson is a critical care subspecialist and abdominal transplant surgeon at Groote Schuur Hospital and the University of Cape Town. His interests are deceased donation, ECMO, medical education and system improvement. He created the massive open online course Organ Donation: From Death to Life hosted on Coursera.org to improve education around organ donation and transplantation. He is the immediate past President of the Southern African Transplantation Society and led development on a report on Organ and Tissue Donation in South Africa: Creating a National Strategic Roadmap in collaboration with the International Society for Organ Donation and Procurement. He worked on the World Brain Death Project and is the lead author on the South African Guidelines for Determination of Death published in 2021.
He completed his undergraduate training in 2002 at the University of Kwa-Zulu Natal and went on to specialise in surgery at the University of Cape Town completing his FCS(SA) in 2011 and MMed(Surgery) in 2012 and Critical Care fellowship in 2015. He currently works as a critical care subspecialist and as a surgeon in the liver and renal transplantation unit, and leads the ECMO program.
Vancouver family photographer
Elaine Yong is a CDTRP patient partner, Manager of Communications and Community Engagement at BC Transplant, and caregiver to a pediatric heart transplant recipient. Elaine graduated from the Journalism program at Ryerson Polytechnic Institute, now Toronto Metropolitan University, and worked in newsrooms across the country for more than two decades before moving into healthcare communications in 2015. Her daughter Addison was the first infant to receive a heart transplant at BC Children’s Hospital in 2011. Along with her involvement as a patient partner in several research projects, Elaine sits on the board of the Transplant Research Foundation of BC. In 2013, she and her family launched the Addison Fund to support pediatric transplant research.
About Dr. Julie Ho
Dr Ho is a Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Manitoba and Medical Director for Transplant Manitoba. She is a kidney transplant clinician-scientist with an interest in defining optimal approaches for improving long-term transplant outcomes for patients living with end stage kidney disease
Dr. Tom Blydt-Hansen completed his MD at McGill University, and his Pediatric and Nephrology specialization at the Montreal Children’s Hospital, followed by further specialization in transplantation at the University of California, Los Angeles. He began his Nephrology career at the University of Manitoba in 2001, where he was Division Head of Nephrology from 2005-2014.
He then moved to BC Children’s Hospital in 2014, where he is Director of the Multi Organ Transplant Program and Senior Scientist at the BCCH Research Institute. He is a past-President of the Canadian Society of Transplantation, a Board member of the NAPRTCS Registry, and collaborating with Canadian Blood Services to establish national Class II matching for pediatric transplant recipients. His research program is focused on identification and development of relevant non-invasive urine biomarkers of allograft injury in pediatric kidney transplant recipients using metabolomic and proteomic methods. He is also engaged in several collaborations to identify urinary biomarkers (metabolomics) associated with chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, cisplatin toxicity, type 2 diabetes and cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
Monica Bronowski completed an undergraduate degree in neuroscience at Dalhousie University, with a focus on innovative neurotechnology. Before starting her PhD, she worked in hematology, oncology, and bone marrow transplant (BMT), conducting clinical trials across various study phases for multiple myeloma, bone marrow transplant, and CAR-T therapies. This experience exposed her to both early and late-phase clinical trials, deepening her interest in translational research.
Currently, Monica is a PhD student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of Urologic Sciences. Her research focuses on microbiome changes associated with kidney transplantation outcomes, particularly how the donor’s urinary microbiome affects recipient graft function.
Angela Hamie has just graduated from the University of Alberta and holds a Bachelor of Science with Honors in Immunology and Infection. Her presentation will summarize her research conducted throughout her fourth year undergraduate thesis project, which focuses on the Age, Thymus Excision, Organ Type, and Immunosuppression on Lymphocyte Subpopulations in pediatric transplantation.
Mitchell Wagner is currently a first year medical student at the University of Alberta. He graduated from the U of A in 2022 with an Honors degree in Immunology and Infection with a certificate in biomedical research. He recently defended a Master of Science in Experimental Surgery, focusing on the optimization of out-of-body heart perfusion. Mitchell’s main research interest is on strategies that improve donated organs through ex-situ heart perfusion apparati, however has also been involved in clinical research within the areas of radiology, respiratory medicine, and cardiology. Mitchell is the recipient of multiple prestigious awards such as the Canada Graduate Scholarship – Masters and the Cote Biomedical Research Studentship. As an aspiring surgeon-scientist, he intends on completing an MD/PhD program focusing to further improve out of body heart perfusion protocols.
Sarjana Alam is an undergraduate science student at the University of Alberta, where she is a research trainee under the supervision of Dr. Esme Dijke in the Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology. She is involved in a project investigating the cryopreservation of T regulatory cells for tolerogenic cell therapy.
Marie-Pier joined Dre. Marie-Josée Hébert’s lab in the nephrology, transplantation and renal regeneration research unit at the CRCHUM in 2024. She obtained her BSc degree in biology at McGill university and is now pursuing a Masters degree in the Molecular Biology program at l’Université de Montréal. She is currently working on evaluating the pro-angiogenic potential of RNAs enriched in apoptotic exosomes and whether these RNAs cooperate to modulate endothelial function. Marie-Pier is also a trainee in the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research program (CDTRP).Outside of the lab, Marie-Pier loves to read, go to spin classes and play word games like Scattegories and Bananagrams.
Dr. Andreas Kramer is a Clinical Associate Professor in the Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences. He graduated from medical school at the University of Manitoba in 1997 and received specialty training in internal medicine and critical care at the University of Calgary in 2002. After working for three years as a community internist and intensivist in Manitoba, he obtained fellowship training in neurocritical care at the University of Virginia 2005-2007. During this time, he also completed a Master of Science degree in Health Evaluation Sciences. Dr. Kramer joined the Department of Critical Care Medicine in Calgary in 2007. He has a particular research and clinical interest in neuro-monitoring and prevention of secondary brain injury in neurocritical care patients. Dr. Kramer is on the Editorial Boards of the journals Neurocritical Care and Critical Care Medicine. He has over 90 peer-reviewed publications, with about half of these as first or senior author. He is a co-investigator in a number of CIHR-sponsored clinical trials. Dr. Kramer has written multiple textbook chapters on a variety of neurocritical care topics, and was the co-editor of two 2017 neurocritical care editions of the Handbook in Clinical Neurology. Since 2011, he has been the Medical Director of the Southern Alberta Organ and Tissue Donation Program, and serves on numerous Canadian Blood Services advisory committees. Dr. Kramer is married with four very energetic children between the ages of 9 and 17.
Dr. Mypinder Sekhon is an intensivist and clinician-scientist in the intensive care unit at Vancouver General Hospital. He completed his medical school training, internal medicine residency and critical care medicine subspecialty fellowship at the University of British Columbia prior to completing a neurocritical care fellowship at Addenbrooke’s Hospital at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom under the guidance of Professors David Menon and Arun Gupta. Subsequently, he completed is PhD in neurovascular sciences under Professor Philip Ainslie, a Canada Research Chair in cerebrovascular physiology. His clinical and research interests include multimodal neuromonitoring, cerebral autoregulation disturbance after brain injury and critical care management of severe acute brain injury patients.
My name is Matthew Kolisnyk. I am a third-year PhD Candidate in Neuroscience at Western University. My undergraduate training was in Psychology and Statistics, where I spent time applying neuroimaging techniques to memory and mindfulness research. In my current lab, I use neuroimaging to measure residual cognitive function in patients who have sustained an acute brain injury and use that neural measure in combination with machine learning to try and predict which patients will survive their injury. I currently am a research associate at the London Health Science Centre, where we measure physiological and neural changes that occur when patients undergo planned withdrawal of life-sustaining measures.
Jordan is a PhD student at UBC working in the Vancouver General Hospital ICU. His current work focuses on donation after circulatory death by looking at how the brain responds during the dying process after withdrawal of life-sustaining measures. During Jordan’s undergraduate degree in Health Sciences and Physics, he got his start in research focusing on whole body hypoxia in the context of high altitude physiology. This led to working in industry since 2020 using medical imaging to evaluate hypoxia and ischemia in wound care, vascular surgery, and plastic and reconstructive surgery. Jordan returned to school in 2021 to pursue a MSc with Dr. Glen Foster at UBCO focusing on developing and validating a new medical imaging approach to quantify diaphragm blood flow in humans. In 2023, Jordan joined the ICU Research Group to continue looking at oxygenation and blood flow in critically ill patients. As such, the unifying theme of Jordan’s work involves investigating low oxygen and blood flow in both healthy and clinical populations. This focus on physiology underpins the organ procurement process in donation after circulatory death as warm ischemic times may render organs ineligible for transplantation. Outside of research, Jordan can be found playing hockey, biking, running, reading, or trying to spend as much time outdoors in Alberta or British Columbia.
Hayden John is a student researcher passionate about addressing health inequities through patient and community-centred research. He has recently completed the Queen’s Accelerated Route to Medical School (QuARMS) pathway and is a first-year medical student at Queen’s University. Currently, he is a research student with the Kidney Health Education Research Group (KHERG) focusing on the A.C.TI.O.N Project: Improving Access to Living Donor Kidney Transplantation (LDKT) in Ethno-racial Minority Communities in Canada. Under the supervision of Principal Investigator Dr. Istvan Mucsi, Hayden explored the perceived risks and benefits of kidney donation among African, Caribbean and Black Canadians.
Meghan He is a UBC medical student who studied Comparative Literature and Psychobiology at UCLA. Her research focuses on grounding medicine in the humanity of patient stories. She is co-President of the UBC Surgical Club, where she co-founded the EDI advocacy group, UpSurge, in alliance in the UBC Department of Surgery. In her free time, she teaches kids’ yoga with the Vancouver School Board and volunteers for community dance events.
Rabbi Yonason Jaffit is the Executive Director of Renewal of Life Canada, a nonprofit dedicated to facilitating kidney donation within the Jewish community. Renewal assists patients and their families through every stage of the kidney transplant process, from finding an altruistic donor to post-transplant support, and ensures that donors face no financial burden. Raised in Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Rabbi Jaffit studied Life Sciences at the University of Toronto and earned a Master’s in History from York University. He also serves as a military chaplain, holding the rank of Captain, with the Toronto Scottish Regiment in the Canadian Armed Forces.