Article en vedette dans JAMA Network : Prof. Timothy Caulfield et Marco Zenone
Le PRDTC tient à féliciter le professeur Timothy Caulfield, professeur à la Faculté de droit et à l’École de santé publique, et directeur de recherche du Health Law Institute de l’Université de l’Alberta, et Marco Zenone, associé de recherche au Health Law Institute de l’Université de l’Alberta et étudiant au doctorat à la London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine pour leur publication intitulée Newspaper Coverage of COVID-19 Vaccination Requirement for Organ Transplant récemment publiée dans le JAMA Network !
La responsable des communications, Stéphanie Larivière, a posé quelques questions à Marco à propos de la publication. Vous pouvez lire l’entretien ci-dessous.
Pouvez-vous nous donner un résumé de l’étude et ses réaultats?
Notre étude s’est penchée sur la façon dont la couverture médiatique au Canada, au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis a dépeint l’obligation de vaccination contre la COVID-19 pour les transplantatés. Nous avons trouvé un faux équilibre dans les reportages, c’est-à-dire des reportages de journaux qui donnaient une « plate-forme égale… à des points de vue opposés malgré le fait qu’un seul point de vue bénéficie du soutien des experts et des preuves » concernant l’obligation de vaccination contre la COVID-19 pour les transplantés. Cela peut contribuer à une perception erronée d’un point de vue médical consensuel et créer une controverse là où il n’y en a pas.
Parmi tous les articles que vous avez consultés, quels sont les résultats qui vous ont le plus surpris ?
Il a été surprenant et triste de constater que bon nombre des raisons qui s’opposent aux exigences en matière de transplantation (préoccupations relatives à la sécurité des vaccins, etc.) sont fondées sur la désinformation.
Quel est le plus grand défi en matière de désinformation et de démystification ?
La lutte contre la désinformation et le soutien à la démystification posent de nombreux défis. L’un d’entre eux, qui me semble particulièrement difficile à affronter, est le rôle de certains points de vue idéologiques et le fait que, dans certains cas, on continue à croire à la désinformation même lorsque des preuves indiscutables sont présentées pour maintenir ces croyances.
Comment le PRDTC pourrait-il soutenir les orientations futures de ce travail ?
Le PRDTC peut poursuivre son excellent travail de démystification de la désinformation potentielle sur les exigences en matière de transplantation d’organes. Les Canadiens qui connaissent la raison d’être des exigences en matière de transplantation seront mieux préparés à réfuter la désinformation avant qu’elle ne se répande.
Les conclusions de l’étude
Les résultats ont démontré un faux équilibre, en se référant aux articles de journaux qui ont donné une « plateforme égale… aux opinions opposées malgré le fait qu’une seule opinion bénéficie du soutien des experts et des preuves » concernant l’obligation de vaccination contre la COVID-19 pour les transplantés. L’étude a été limitée par l’utilisation de journaux spécifiques à un pays, et non de la littérature grise ou des sources non textuelles.
Les arguments en faveur de l’opposition à la vaccination étaient fondés sur des croyances personnelles ou des informations erronées sur les raisons systémiques, médicales et éthiques de cette exigence. Bien que les points de vue des travailleurs de la santé et d’autres acteurs médicaux aient contrecarré ce cadre, un faux équilibre peut déformer la perception du public sur des sujets non controversés lorsque des informations correctes sont présentées en même temps. Ainsi, le reportage sur l’obligation de vaccination contre la COVID-19 pour les transplantés, qui a mis en avant les perspectives de refus du vaccin fondées sur des croyances personnelles et des informations erronées, peut contribuer à une perception erronée d’un point de vue médical consensuel et créer une controverse là où il n’y en a pas.
Accédez à la publication ici (en anglais seulement).
Lisez l’entretien du Prof. Timothy Caulfield avec l’Université d’Alberta (en anglais uniquement).
À propos du Prof. Timothy Caulfield
Timothy Caulfield est titulaire d’une chaire de recherche du Canada en droit et politique de la santé, professeur à la faculté de droit et à l’école de santé publique, et directeur de recherche du Health Law Institute de l’Université de l’Alberta. Ses recherches interdisciplinaires sur des sujets tels que les cellules souches, la génétique, l’éthique de la recherche, les représentations publiques de la science et les politiques de santé publique lui ont permis de publier plus de 350 articles. Il a remporté de nombreux prix universitaires et de rédaction et est membre de la Société royale du Canada et de l’Académie canadienne des sciences de la santé. Il contribue fréquemment à la presse populaire.
Plus récemment, Timothy a été nommé à l’Ordre du Canada, l’une des plus hautes distinctions du pays, en reconnaissance de son extraordinaire travail de lutte contre la désinformation par le biais de sa campagne sur les médias sociaux #ScienceUpFirst.
À propos de Marco Zenone
ity of Alberta and has received training in patient-oriented research through the University of Calgary’s PACER (Patient and Community Engagement Research) Program. He is the Patient, Family, and Donor Partnerships & Education Manager with the Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program. In this role, Manuel builds relationships patient partners with investigators and strengthens capacity among CDTRP patient partners.
Anders Billström 
Gareth Wiltshire
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Sherrie Logan 
born and raised in Edmonton, AB. With a degree in Music Performance (saxophone performance) and Education, Lindsey has taught for over a decade in the Edmonton Public School system. When she is not teaching, she is very involved in the music community, performing in the Edmonton Winds, conducting her own community ensemble (The Beer League Band) and on numerous musical boards across the province. For the past 5 years, Lindsey has had to take a break from teaching after having her amazing son, George. Maternity leave did not goes as expected as George was diagnosed with Dilated Cardiomyopathy at 5 months old and required 2 heart transplants before the age of 4. During this time, Lindsey has also began to dedicate her time building and expanding her charity: Big Gifts for Little Lives, where they raise money to fund Pediatric Heart Transplant research at the Stollery.
Dr. Caigan Du is a scientist at the Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute and an assistant professor in the Department of Urologic Sciences at the University of British Columbia. He received a Ph.D. degree in Biochemistry in UK and postdoctoral training in Immunology in USA. He is interested in the pathogenesis of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury and transplant rejection, and molecular control of urinary malignancies. He has been studying the impact of kidney donor-derived factors on renal allograft rejection, and the molecular pathways of kidney injury and regeneration in experimental models. He is also interested in developing medical solution including drugs made from natural compounds for all kinds of health problems, including immune disorders, organ preservation, kidney failure and urinary cancer. He is the PI of many grant supports from the Kidney Foundation of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
Heather Badenoch is a non-directed living liver donor and communications strategist. As the president of Village PR, she provides strategic communications direction and training to not-for-profit clients in community and health. An active transplant volunteer, Heather helps transplant candidates find living donors by running their public appeals, small and large, pro-bono. She also mentors potential living donors on the path to living donation. Heather is a volunteer with the UHN Centre for Living Organ Donation and the Canadian Donation and Transplant Research Program. She and her spouse adopt rescue dogs and volunteer together with Community Veterinary Outreach, a group providing free veterinary care to the pets of people who are homeless.
Sean Dicks is a clinical psychologist who has 20 years’ experience supporting both families of organ donors and transplant recipients. While it is rare for him to have contact with a donor family and recipient linked to the same organ donation-transplantation event, his contact with families who have lived experience with organ donation on the one hand, and patients who have received transplants on the other hand has provided opportunities to explore how their journeys become linked when they attempt to make sense of and find meaning in their respective crises.
Terri Hansen-Gardiner is a Cree speaking Metis woman from Northern Saskatchewan as well as a 10 year Breast Cancer Survivor. Her tireless spirit and dedication to her community is undeniable. Terri is a cancer survivor who travels around the province to provide assistance, information, and support to Indigenous patients who are trying to access and navigate the cancer care system.
Dr. Golnaz Karoubi is Assistant Scientist at the Toronto General HospitalResearch Institute and principal investigator in the Latner Thoracic Research Labs. She currently holds an Assistant Professor appointment in the department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and a cross-appointment in the department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Toronto. Dr. Karoubi received her PhD in Applied Science and Engineering at the University of Toronto and joined the Lung Regenerative Medicine Program in the Department of Clinical Research in Berne University, Switzerland for a post-doctoral research fellowship. She stayed on as a Group Leader in 2008 to direct the basic and transitional science as related to Cancer Stem Cell and Lung Regenerative Medicine in the Department of Biomedical Research at the University of Berne until 2012. In early 2012, she joined the team of Dr. Tom Waddell at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute as a Senior Scientific Associate and was appointed to Assistant Scientist at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (University Health Network) in November 2019 and to Assistant Professor in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology in July 2020.
Dr. Haykal graduated from the University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine in2007 as class valedictorian and silver medalist, and subsequently completed her residency training in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the University of Toronto in 2016. During her residency, she completed a four-year Doctorate of Philosophy (PhD) in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and immunology with a focus on tracheal reconstruction. She obtained numerous grants and awards including a CIHR Vanier Scholarship. Dr. Haykal then pursued fellowship training in microsurgical reconstruction at the Albany Medical Centre in New York. Dr. Haykal joined the University Health Network and the Toronto General Hospital in 2018. Her clinical focus is on complex oncological reconstruction and microsurgical reconstruction of the breast, head and neck and extremity. She started a lymphedema program in 2019 where she offers microsurgical techniques for the treatment of lymphedema.
Dr. Ahmed is a Professor in the Cumming School of Medicine at the University of Calgary. The recipient of the 2022 Hypertension Canada Senior Investigator Award, she is a nephrologist and clinician-scientist with a focus on sex and gender differences in human cardiovascular/kidney physiology and clinical outcomes. Dr. Ahmed is the Vice Chair (Research) for the Department of Medicine, Lead of the Libin Institute Women’s Cardiovascular Health Research Initiative at the University of Calgary and Lead of the Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Capacity Development Platform. Dr. Ahmed is an Advisory Board member for the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Institute of Gender and Health, a member of the Canadian Medical Association Journal Governing Council and the President-Elect for the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences.
r. Christopher Nguan is an Associate Professor at the University of British Columbia in the Department of Urological Sciences, Surgical Head of Kidney Transplantation at Vancouver General Hospital and the Director of the Surgical Technologies Experimental Laboratory & Advanced Robotics (STELLAR) facility at Vancouver General Hospital.
r Caroline Lamarche is a clinician scientist and transplant nephrologist at Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital. She is an assistant clinical professor at the Université de Montréal. After her nephrology training at the Université de Montréal (2015), she completed a Master degree on the use of adoptive immunotherapy to treat/prevent BK nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients. She then pursued a post-doctoral fellowship with Dr. Megan Levings at the University of British Columbia on the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) regulatory T cells (Tregs) to induce transplant tolerance. Her lab is working on the development of adoptive immunotherapy in nephrology and understanding Treg dysfunction.
Dr. Tandon is an Associate Professor of Medicine, Co-Director of the Cirrhosis Care Clinic, Transplant Hepatologist and lead of the Cirrhosis Care Alberta quality improvement program. She obtained her training at the University of Alberta, the Hospital Clinic in Barcelona and Yale University. Her clinical practice and research are focused on cirrhosis with research interests including cirrhosis related complications, malnutrition, frailty, exercise therapy, palliative care, integrative health approaches such as meditation and knowledge translation. It is her career goal to provide wholistic, interdisciplinary, evidence based, patient-centered care through education, empowerment, engagement and team-work.
Emily is a PhD student at the University of Alberta, where she completed her Master of Science (MSc) degree in medicine. With a passion for patient-oriented research and a commitment to improving health outcomes, Emily’s doctoral project focuses on EMPOWER, a 12-week online mind-body wellness program designed for adults living with chronic health conditions.
Dr Basil S. Nasir, M.B.B.Ch
Dr. Victor Ferreira is an Assistant Scientist in the Ajmera Transplant Centre at the University Health Network (UHN) and the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute (TGHRI). He is also an Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto in the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (LMP). He completed his PhD in Medical Sciences – Infection and Immunity Specialization at McMaster University in 2014 and post-doctoral training at UHN. His research program is focused on three pillars: I) using systems vaccinology to reveal insights into vaccine responses in immunocompromised individuals like transplant recipients; II) characterizing the impact of chronic viral infection on host immune responses; and III) developing novel methods for eliminating latent viruses in human organs. His work has been cited >2,500 times and is published in journals including the New England Journal of Medicine, Nature Immunology, the Lancet Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases, the American Journal of Transplantation and Journal of Infectious Diseases.